PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
BACKGROUND: In Sweden, older people in residential care had the highest mortality rates, followed by those who received home care, during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Staff working in the care of older people assumed responsibility for preventing the spread of the virus despite lacking the prerequisites and training. This study aimed to investigate the psychosocial work environment during the COVID-19 pandemic among staff in the care of older people and examine the factors associated with staff\'s perceptions of the clarity of instructions and the ability to follow them.
METHODS: A cross-sectional study design was employed using a web survey. The staff\'s perceptions of their psychosocial environment were analysed using descriptive statistics. The association between organisational and individual factors, as well as the degree of clarity of the instructions and the staff\'s ability to follow them, were assessed using multivariate (ordinal) regression analysis.
RESULTS: The main findings show that perceptions of the clarity and adaptability of the instructions were primarily correlated with organisational factors, as higher responses (positive) for the subscales focusing on role clarity, support and encouragement in leadership at work were associated with the belief that the instructions were clear. Similarly, those indicating high job demands and high individual learning demands were less likely to report that the instructions were clear. Regarding adaptability, high scores for demands on learning and psychological demands were correlated with lower adaptability, while high scores for role clarity, encouraging leadership and social support, were associated with higher adaptability.
CONCLUSIONS: High job demands and individual learning demands were demonstrated to decrease the staff\'s understanding and adoption of instructions. These findings are significant on an organisational level since the work environment must be prepared for potential future pandemics to promote quality improvement and generally increase patient safety and staff health.
METHODS: A cross-sectional study design was employed using a web survey. The staff\'s perceptions of their psychosocial environment were analysed using descriptive statistics. The association between organisational and individual factors, as well as the degree of clarity of the instructions and the staff\'s ability to follow them, were assessed using multivariate (ordinal) regression analysis.
RESULTS: The main findings show that perceptions of the clarity and adaptability of the instructions were primarily correlated with organisational factors, as higher responses (positive) for the subscales focusing on role clarity, support and encouragement in leadership at work were associated with the belief that the instructions were clear. Similarly, those indicating high job demands and high individual learning demands were less likely to report that the instructions were clear. Regarding adaptability, high scores for demands on learning and psychological demands were correlated with lower adaptability, while high scores for role clarity, encouraging leadership and social support, were associated with higher adaptability.
CONCLUSIONS: High job demands and individual learning demands were demonstrated to decrease the staff\'s understanding and adoption of instructions. These findings are significant on an organisational level since the work environment must be prepared for potential future pandemics to promote quality improvement and generally increase patient safety and staff health.
摘要：
背景：在瑞典，住院护理的老年人死亡率最高，其次是那些接受家庭护理的人，在2019年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）大流行期间。尽管缺乏先决条件和培训，但照顾老年人的工作人员承担了防止病毒传播的责任。本研究旨在调查COVID-19大流行期间老年人护理工作人员的社会心理工作环境，并研究与工作人员对指导的清晰度和遵循指导的能力的看法相关的因素。
方法：采用网络调查的横断面研究设计。使用描述性统计数据分析了员工对其社会心理环境的看法。组织因素和个人因素之间的联系，以及说明的清晰程度和工作人员遵循它们的能力，使用多变量(序数)回归分析进行评估。
结果：主要发现表明，对说明的清晰度和适应性的看法主要与组织因素有关，作为对侧重于角色清晰度的子量表的较高响应(正)，对工作中的领导的支持和鼓励与指示明确的信念有关。同样，那些表示高工作要求和高个人学习要求的人不太可能报告说明是明确的。关于适应性，学习需求和心理需求的高分与较低的适应性相关，虽然角色清晰度得分很高，鼓励领导和社会支持，与更高的适应性有关。
结论：高工作要求和个人学习要求被证明会降低员工对指导的理解和采纳。这些发现在组织层面上具有重要意义，因为工作环境必须为潜在的未来大流行做好准备，以促进质量改进并普遍提高患者安全和员工健康。
方法：采用网络调查的横断面研究设计。使用描述性统计数据分析了员工对其社会心理环境的看法。组织因素和个人因素之间的联系，以及说明的清晰程度和工作人员遵循它们的能力，使用多变量(序数)回归分析进行评估。
结果：主要发现表明，对说明的清晰度和适应性的看法主要与组织因素有关，作为对侧重于角色清晰度的子量表的较高响应(正)，对工作中的领导的支持和鼓励与指示明确的信念有关。同样，那些表示高工作要求和高个人学习要求的人不太可能报告说明是明确的。关于适应性，学习需求和心理需求的高分与较低的适应性相关，虽然角色清晰度得分很高，鼓励领导和社会支持，与更高的适应性有关。
结论：高工作要求和个人学习要求被证明会降低员工对指导的理解和采纳。这些发现在组织层面上具有重要意义，因为工作环境必须为潜在的未来大流行做好准备，以促进质量改进并普遍提高患者安全和员工健康。
