PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) exert various effects on strawberry (Fragaria ananassa Duchesne) yields. In this study, we employed an orthogonal experimental design (T1-T9) with three fertilization treatments (N, P, and K) at three levels to identify an optimal fertilization scheme for strawberry cultivation. The effects of fertilizer combinations the rhizosphere soil microbial community were also explored by using bacterial full-length 16S rRNA and fungal ITS (internal transcribed spacer) sequencing (30 samples for each analysis). The results showed that the average plant height and leaf area of the fertilized groups were 24.6% and 41.6% higher than those of the non-fertilized group (T0). After 60 d of planting, the sucrase activity in the T6 group increased by 76.67% compared to the T0 group, with phosphate fertilizer exerting a more significant impact on sucrase activity. The T6 treatment group had the highest alpha diversity index among bacterial and fungal microorganisms, and had a different microbial community structure compared with the control group. The most abundant bacterial taxa in the strawberry rhizosphere soil were Proteobacteria, Bacteroidota, and Acidobacteriota, and the most abundant fungal phyla were Monoblepharomycota, Glomeromycota, and Mucoromycota. Application of the optimal combined fertilizer treatment (T6) significantly increased the abundance of Proteobacteria and altered the abundance of Gemmatimonas compared to other treatment groups. Notably, Gemmatimonas abundance positively correlated with strawberry plant height and soil N, P, and K levels. These findings indicated that the relative abundance of beneficial bacteria could be enhanced by the application of an optimal fertilizer ratio, ultimately improving strawberry agronomic traits.
摘要：
氮气(N),磷（P），钾（K）对草莓（FragariaananassaDuchesne）的产量产生各种影响。在这项研究中,我们采用正交实验设计(T1-T9)，采用三种施肥处理(N，P,和K）在三个水平上确定草莓栽培的最佳施肥方案。还通过使用细菌全长16SrRNA和真菌ITS（内部转录间隔区）测序（每次分析30个样品），探索了肥料组合对根际土壤微生物群落的影响。结果表明，施肥组的平均株高和叶面积比未施肥组（T0）高24.6％和41.6％。种植60d后，T6组蔗糖酶活性比T0组增加76.67%,磷肥对蔗糖酶活性有更显著的影响。在细菌和真菌微生物中，T6处理组的α多样性指数最高，与对照组相比具有不同的微生物群落结构。草莓根际土壤中最丰富的细菌类群是变形杆菌，拟杆菌,和酸杆菌,最丰富的真菌门是单藻，肾小球,和粘菌.与其他处理组相比，应用最佳组合肥料处理（T6）显着增加了变形杆菌的丰度，并改变了Gemmaatimonas的丰度。值得注意的是,Gemmaatimonas丰度与草莓株高和土壤氮呈正相关，P,K水平。这些发现表明，通过施用最佳肥料比例可以提高有益细菌的相对丰度，最终改善草莓农艺性状。
