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Abstract：
This study aimed to investigate the relationship between complete pathological remission (PCR), tertiary lymphoid structure (TLS) maturation and expression and clinical outcomes of patients with resectable non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) receiving neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy. Totally 80 patients with resectable NSCLC (stage IB-IIIB) receiving neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy were analyzed. We used the Kaplan-Meier method to plot survival curves and the log-rank test to compare differences. Among all patients included, 45 patients (56.25%) achieved major pathological response (MPR), including 30 patients (37.50%) with PCR. The proportion of patients diagnosed with stage IB, II, IIIA and IIIB was 1.25%, 10.00%, 52.50% and 36.25%, respectively. We divided patients into PCR group and non-PCR group respectively according to whether they achieved PCR. We found that patients achieving PCR had significantly improved disease-free survival (DFS) (mDFS: NR vs. 20.24 months, P = .020). TLS expression was low in 43 cases (53.75%) and high in 37 cases (46.25%). TLS maturation was low in 55 cases (68.75%) and high in 25 cases (31.25%). The DFS of patients with TLS high-maturation (34.07 vs. 22.30 months, P = .024) and TLS high-expression (34.07 vs. 22.30 months, P = .041) was significantly longer. In most subgroups, the PCR, TLS high-maturation and TLS high-expression group respectively achieved a better clinical outcome relative to the non-PCR, TLS low-maturation and TLS low-expression group. In patients with resectable NSCLC receiving neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy, the acquirement of PCR may predict better DFS. In addition, high expression and maturation of TLS may be prognostic factors.
摘要：
本研究旨在探讨病理完全缓解(PCR)之间的关系。接受新辅助化学免疫疗法的可切除非小细胞肺癌（NSCLC）患者的三级淋巴结构（TLS）成熟和表达以及临床结局。对80例接受新辅助化学免疫疗法的可切除NSCLC（IB-IIIB期）患者进行分析。我们使用Kaplan-Meier方法绘制存活曲线，并使用对数秩检验比较差异。在所有患者中，45例患者（56.25%）达到主要病理反应（MPR），包括30例（37.50%）的PCR患者。诊断为IB期的患者比例，II,IIIA和IIIB为1.25%，10.00%，52.50%和36.25%，分别。根据是否达到PCR，将患者分为PCR组和非PCR组。我们发现，实现PCR的患者的无病生存率（DFS）显着提高（mDFS：NR与20.24个月，P=.020）。TLS低表达43例(53.75%),高表达37例(46.25%)。TLS成熟度低55例(68.75%)，高25例(31.25%)。TLS高成熟度患者的DFS(34.07vs.22.30个月，P=.024）和TLS高表达（34.07与22.30个月，P=0.041）明显更长。在大多数子群中，PCR,TLS高成熟和TLS高表达组分别取得了相对于非PCR更好的临床结果，TLS低成熟度和TLS低表达组。在接受新辅助化学免疫疗法的可切除NSCLC患者中，PCR的获得可以预测更好的DFS。此外,TLS的高表达和成熟可能是预后因素。
