PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
This study examined the preventative effects of esculeogenin A (ESGA), a newly discovered glycan from tomato, on liver damage and hepatic steatosis in high-fat-diet (HFD)-fed male rats. The animals were divided into six groups (each of eight rats): a control group fed a normal diet, control + ESGA (200 mg/kg), HFD, and HFD + ESAG in 3 doses (50, 100, and 200 mg/kg). Feeding and treatments were conducted for 12 weeks. Treatment with ESGA did not affect gains in the body or fat weight nor increases in fasting glucose, insulin, and HOMA-IR or serum levels of free fatty acids (FFAs), tumor-necrosis factor-α, and interleukin-6 (IL-6). On the contrary, it significantly reduced the serum levels of gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), total triglycerides (TGs), cholesterol (CHOL), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c) in the HFD-fed rats. In addition, it improved the liver structure, attenuating the increase in fat vacuoles; reduced levels of TGs and CHOL, and the mRNA levels of SREBP1 and acetyl CoA carboxylase (ACC); and upregulated the mRNA levels of proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα) and carnitine palmitoyltransferase I (CPT I) in HFD-fed rats. These effects were concomitant with increases in the mRNA, cytoplasmic, and nuclear levels of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and heme oxygenase-1 (HO); a reduction in the nuclear activity of nuclear factor-kappa beta (NF-κB); and inhibition of the activity of nuclear factor kappa B kinase subunit beta (IKKβ). All of these effects were dose-dependent effects in which a normal liver structure and normal levels of all measured parameters were seen in HFD + ESGA (200 mg/kg)-treated rats. In conclusion, ESGA prevents NAFLD in HFD-fed rats by attenuating hyperlipidemia, hepatic steatosis, oxidative stress, and inflammation by acting locally on Nrf2, NF-κB, SREBP1, and PPARα transcription factors.
摘要：
这项研究检查了esculeogeninA（ESGA）的预防作用，一种新发现的来自番茄的聚糖，高脂饮食（HFD）喂养的雄性大鼠的肝损伤和肝脂肪变性。将动物分为六组（每组八只大鼠）：对照组饲喂正常饮食，对照+ESGA（200mg/kg），HFD,和HFD+ESAG，3个剂量（50、100和200mg/kg）。喂养和治疗进行12周。用ESGA治疗不会影响身体或脂肪重量的增加，也不会增加空腹血糖，胰岛素，和HOMA-IR或游离脂肪酸（FFA）的血清水平，肿瘤坏死因子-α，和白细胞介素-6（IL-6）。相反,它显著降低血清γ-谷氨酰转肽酶（GGT）的水平，天冬氨酸转氨酶（AST），丙氨酸氨基转移酶（ALT），总甘油三酯（TG），胆固醇（CHOL），HFD喂养大鼠的低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-c）。此外,它改善了肝脏结构，减轻脂肪空泡的增加；TGs和CHOL水平降低，和SREBP1和乙酰辅酶A羧化酶（ACC）的mRNA水平；并上调HFD喂养的大鼠中增殖物激活受体α（PPARα）和肉碱棕榈酰转移酶I（CPTI）的mRNA水平。这些作用伴随着mRNA的增加，细胞质，和核因子红系2相关因子2（Nrf2）的核水平，谷胱甘肽(GSH),超氧化物歧化酶（SOD），过氧化氢酶(CAT),和血红素加氧酶-1（HO）；核因子-κB（NF-κB）的核活性降低；并抑制核因子κB激酶亚基β（IKKβ）的活性。所有这些作用是剂量依赖性作用,其中在HFD+ESGA(200mg/kg)处理的大鼠中观察到正常肝脏结构和所有测量参数的正常水平。总之,ESGA通过减轻高脂血症来预防HFD喂养大鼠的NAFLD，肝脂肪变性,氧化应激，和炎症通过局部作用于Nrf2，NF-κB，SREBP1和PPARα转录因子。
