PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
A wide variety of substances have been used to anaesthetise invertebrates, but many are not anaesthetics and merely incapacitate animals rather than preventing pain. In essence, the role of an ideal general anaesthetic is to act as a muscle relaxant, an analgesic, an anaesthetic, and an amnesic. To achieve all these properties with a single substance is difficult, and various adjuvants usually need to be administered, resulting in a cocktail of drugs. In a clinical setting, the vast majority of patients are unaware of surgery being carried out and have no memory of it, so they can claim to have felt no pain, but this is much more difficult to demonstrate in invertebrates. Here, we show that 1% MgCl2, a muscle relaxant, is a useful adjuvant for the clinical anaesthetic isoflurane on Octopus vulgaris when applied alone in seawater for 10 min before the clinical anaesthetic. After this, full anaesthesia can be achieved in 5 min using 1% isoflurane insufflated into the saline still containing MgCl2. Full recovery takes place rapidly in about 10 to 15 min. The depth of anaesthesia was monitored using changes in respiratory rate, chromatophore pattern, and withdrawal movements of the arms and siphon. This methodology reduces stress on the animal and minimises the quantity of anaesthetic used.
摘要：
各种各样的物质被用来麻醉无脊椎动物，但是许多不是麻醉剂，只是使动物丧失能力，而不是预防疼痛。实质上,理想的全身麻醉剂的作用是充当肌肉松弛剂，镇痛药,麻醉剂,和健忘症.用单一物质实现所有这些特性是困难的，通常需要施用各种佐剂，导致药物的混合物。在临床环境中，绝大多数患者不知道正在进行的手术，也没有记忆，所以他们可以声称没有感觉到疼痛，但这在无脊椎动物中更难证明。这里,我们显示1%MgCl2，一种肌肉松弛剂，在临床麻醉前单独在海水中应用10分钟时，是普通章鱼临床麻醉异氟烷的有用佐剂。在这之后,使用将1％异氟烷吹入仍含有MgCl2的盐水中，可以在5分钟内实现完全麻醉。完全恢复在约10至15分钟内迅速发生。使用呼吸频率的变化监测麻醉深度，色团模式，以及武器和虹吸管的撤离运动。该方法减少了对动物的压力并使所用麻醉剂的量最小化。
