PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
During triacylglycerol synthesis, the acylglycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase (AGPAT) family catalyzes the conversion of lysophosphatidic acid to phosphatidic acid and the acylation of sn-2 fatty acids. However, the catalytic activity of different AGPAT members is different. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the mechanism through which different AGPATs affect the efficiency of TAG synthesis and fatty acid composition. The conservation of amino acid sequences and protein domains of the AGPAT family was analyzed, and the functions of AGPAT1, AGPAT3, and AGPAT4 genes in buffalo mammary epithelial cells (BMECs) were studied using RNA interference and gene overexpression. Prediction of the protein tertiary structure of the AGPAT family demonstrated that four conservative motifs (motif1, motif2, motif3, and motif6) formed a hydrophobic pocket in AGPAT proteins, except AGPAT6. According to cytological studies, AGPAT1, AGPAT3, and AGPAT4 were found to promote the synthesis and fatty acid compositions of triacylglycerol, especially UFA compositions of triacylglycerol, by regulating ACSL1, FASN, GPAM, DGAT2, and PPARG gene expression. This study provides new insights into the role of different AGPAT gene family members involved in TAG synthesis, and a reference for improving the fatty acid composition of milk.
摘要：
在三酰甘油合成过程中，酰基甘油-3-磷酸酰基转移酶（AGPAT）家族催化溶血磷脂酸转化为磷脂酸和sn-2脂肪酸的酰化。然而,不同AGPAT成员的催化活性不同。因此,本研究旨在探讨不同AGPATs影响TAG合成效率和脂肪酸组成的机制。分析了AGPAT家族的氨基酸序列和蛋白质结构域的保守性，并使用RNA干扰和基因过表达研究了水牛乳腺上皮细胞（BMECs）中AGPAT1，AGPAT3和AGPAT4基因的功能。预测AGPAT家族的蛋白质三级结构表明，四个保守基序（基序1，基序2，基序3和基序6）在AGPAT蛋白质中形成了疏水口袋，除了AGPAT6。根据细胞学研究,发现AGPAT1，AGPAT3和AGPAT4可以促进三酰甘油的合成和脂肪酸组成，特别是三酰基甘油的UFA组合物，通过调节ACSL1、FASN、GPAM,DGAT2和PPARG基因表达。本研究为参与TAG合成的不同AGPAT基因家族成员的作用提供了新的见解。为改善牛奶的脂肪酸组成提供参考。
