PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Cryopreservation is an option for the preservation of pre- or post-pubertal female or male fertility. This technique not only is beneficial for human clinical applications, but also plays a crucial role in the breeding of livestock and endangered species. Unfortunately, frozen germ cells, including oocytes, sperm, embryos, and spermatogonial stem cells, are subject to cryoinjury. As a result, various cryoprotective agents and freezing techniques have been developed to mitigate this damage. Despite extensive research aimed at reducing apoptotic cell death during freezing, a low survival rate and impaired cell function are still observed after freeze-thawing. In recent decades, several cell death pathways other than apoptosis have been identified. However, the relationship between these pathways and cryoinjury is not yet fully understood, although necroptosis and autophagy appear to be linked to cryoinjury. Therefore, gaining a deeper understanding of the molecular mechanisms of cryoinjury could aid in the development of new strategies to enhance the effectiveness of the freezing of reproductive tissues. In this review, we focus on the pathways through which cryoinjury leads to cell death and propose novel approaches to enhance freezing efficacy based on signaling molecules.
摘要：
冷冻保存是保存青春期前或青春期后女性或男性生育能力的一种选择。该技术不仅有利于人体临床应用,而且在牲畜和濒危物种的繁殖中也起着至关重要的作用。不幸的是,冷冻生殖细胞,包括卵母细胞,精子,胚胎,精原干细胞，会受到冷冻损伤。因此,已经开发了各种冷冻保护剂和冷冻技术来减轻这种损害。尽管广泛的研究旨在减少冷冻过程中的凋亡细胞死亡，冻融后仍观察到低存活率和细胞功能受损。近几十年来,除细胞凋亡外,还发现了几种细胞死亡途径.然而,这些途径与冷冻损伤之间的关系尚未完全了解，虽然坏死和自噬似乎与冷冻损伤有关。因此,对冷冻损伤的分子机制有更深入的了解，可以帮助开发新的策略来提高生殖组织冷冻的有效性。在这次审查中,我们专注于冷冻损伤导致细胞死亡的途径，并提出了基于信号分子增强冷冻功效的新方法。
