Abstract：
This article will review current aspects of the histopathological, immunohistochemical and molecular analysis of primary mediastinal germ cell tumours (PMGCTs) as well as their aetiological, epidemiological, clinical and therapeutic features. PMGCTs represent an important differential diagnosis in the spectrum of mediastinal tumours, and their diagnosis is usually made on small tissue samples from core needle biopsies in combination with diagnostic imaging and serum tumour markers. As in lymphomas, a small biopsy is often the only viable tumour sample available from these patients, as they receive chemotherapy prior to eventual surgical resection. Pathologists therefore need to apply an efficient combination of immunohistochemical markers to confirm the diagnosis of a PMGCT and to exclude morphological mimics.
摘要：
本文将回顾组织病理学的当前方面，原发性纵隔生殖细胞肿瘤（PMGCT）及其病因的免疫组织化学和分子分析，流行病学,临床和治疗特点。PMGCT代表纵隔肿瘤的重要鉴别诊断，他们的诊断通常是在核心针活检的小组织样本上，结合诊断成像和血清肿瘤标志物。就像淋巴瘤一样，小活检通常是这些患者唯一可行的肿瘤样本，因为他们在最终手术切除之前接受化疗。因此，病理学家需要应用免疫组织化学标记的有效组合来确认PMGCT的诊断并排除形态学模拟。
