Abstract：
BACKGROUND: This article assesses whether the European Union\'s (EU\'s) plant health regulations have had an impact on imports. A dynamic modelling approach was applied, using a two-step generalized method of moments estimator for panel data, and covering an 8-year period (2013-2020). The estimated equation includes volumes of trade, economic drivers, the trading partner, and variables capturing categories of import requirements (phytosanitary certificates, exemptions, restrictions) with regards to external border measures for enhanced biosecurity.
RESULTS: From the analysis we can conclude that the import regime and its recent changes have had a limited impact, if any, on trade flows of the affected products. The most significant impact is found for products classified as high-risk plants, while the extension of the phytosanitary certificate requirement to new products seems to have had negligible effects on trade.
CONCLUSIONS: Therefore, the plant protection regime for extra-EU trade seems to be not trade distorting while supplying a framework to enhance plant health in the EU. © 2023 The Authors. Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
RESULTS: From the analysis we can conclude that the import regime and its recent changes have had a limited impact, if any, on trade flows of the affected products. The most significant impact is found for products classified as high-risk plants, while the extension of the phytosanitary certificate requirement to new products seems to have had negligible effects on trade.
CONCLUSIONS: Therefore, the plant protection regime for extra-EU trade seems to be not trade distorting while supplying a framework to enhance plant health in the EU. © 2023 The Authors. Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
摘要：
背景：本文评估了欧盟（EU）的植物健康法规是否对进口产生了影响。采用了动态建模方法，使用面板数据的两步广义矩估计方法，为期8年（2013-2020年）。估计的等式包括贸易量，经济驱动因素,贸易伙伴,和捕获进口要求类别的变量(植物检疫证书，豁免,限制)关于加强生物安全的外部边界措施。
结果：从分析中我们可以得出结论，进口制度及其最近的变化影响有限，如果有的话,受影响产品的贸易流量。最重要的影响是被归类为高风险工厂的产品，而植物检疫证书要求扩展到新产品似乎对贸易的影响微不足道。
结论：因此，欧盟外贸易的植物保护制度似乎不会扭曲贸易，同时提供了一个框架来增强欧盟的植物健康。©2023作者。害虫管理科学由JohnWiley&SonsLtd代表化学工业学会出版。
结果：从分析中我们可以得出结论，进口制度及其最近的变化影响有限，如果有的话,受影响产品的贸易流量。最重要的影响是被归类为高风险工厂的产品，而植物检疫证书要求扩展到新产品似乎对贸易的影响微不足道。
结论：因此，欧盟外贸易的植物保护制度似乎不会扭曲贸易，同时提供了一个框架来增强欧盟的植物健康。©2023作者。害虫管理科学由JohnWiley&SonsLtd代表化学工业学会出版。
