Abstract：
There is an increasing global demand for regional and organic produce. However, the growth of these markets depends on consumers\' trust. Thus, novel methods must be developed to aid the verification of the origin of produce. We built on our previous study to identify the geographical origin and production method of animal-derived food products. Thirty-samples of eggs, 99 of milk, 34 of beef, and 62 of pork were collected from different regions in central Germany and analysed for their stable isotopic composition. The analysis followed a single-variate authentification approach using five isotope signatures, δ18O, δ2H, δ13C, δ15N, and δ34S. The best-performing indicators for verification of the geographical origin were δ15N and δ34S for beef; δ18O, δ2H, and δ13C for milk, and δ2H and δ13C for pork. These tracers indicated statistically significant differences among regions with the exception of pork; the results recorded for eggs were inconclusive. It was possible to distinguish between production methods by means of δ15N and δ34S (beef); all five tracers (eggs), and δ13C, δ15N, and δ34S (milk). This study demonstrated how the analysis of stable isotopes can be employed to determine the geographic region of origin and production method of animal-derived products in Germany.
摘要：
全球对区域和有机产品的需求不断增加。然而,这些市场的增长取决于消费者的信任。因此，必须开发新的方法来帮助验证产品的来源。我们基于先前的研究来确定动物源性食品的地理来源和生产方法。30个鸡蛋样本,99牛奶，34牛肉，从德国中部不同地区收集了62只猪肉，并分析了它们的稳定同位素组成。分析遵循使用五个同位素特征的单变量鉴定方法，δ18O,δ2H,δ13C,δ15N,和δ34S。验证地理来源的最佳指标是牛肉的δ15N和δ34S；δ18O，δ2H,和牛奶的δ13C，猪肉的δ2H和δ13C。这些示踪剂表明，除猪肉外，各地区之间存在统计学上的显着差异；鸡蛋的记录结果尚无定论。可以通过δ15N和δ34S（牛肉）来区分生产方法；所有五个示踪剂（鸡蛋），和δ13C，δ15N,和δ34S（牛奶）。这项研究证明了如何使用稳定同位素分析来确定德国动物源性产品的原产地和生产方法。
