Abstract：
This study investigated the physiological and molecular responses of rice genotype \'9311\' to Cd stress and the mitigating effects of silicon oxide nanoparticles (SiO NPs). Cd exposure severely hindered plant growth, chlorophyll content, photosynthesis, and Cd accumulation. However, SiO NPs supplementation, particularly the SiONP100 treatment, significantly alleviated Cd-induced toxicity, mitigating the adverse effects on plant growth while maintaining chlorophyll content and photosynthetic attributes. The SiONP100 treatment also reduced Cd accumulation, indicating a preference for Si uptake in genotype 9311. Complex interactions among Cd, Si, Mg, Ca, and K were uncovered, with fluctuations in MDA and H2O2 contents. Distinct morphological changes in stomatal aperture and mesophyll cell structures were observed, including changes in starch granules, grana thylakoids, and osmophilic plastoglobuli. Moreover, following SiONP100 supplementation, genotype 9311 increased peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, and catalase activities by 56%, 44%, and 53% in shoots and 62%, 49%, and 65% in roots, respectively, indicating a robust defense mechanism against Cd stress. Notably, OsNramp5, OsHMA3, OsSOD-Cu/Zn, OsCATA, OsCATB, and OsAPX1 showed significant expression after SiO NPs treatment, suggesting potential Cd translocation within rice tissues. Overall, SiO NPs supplementation holds promise for enhancing Cd tolerance in rice plants while maintaining essential physiological functions.
摘要：
这项研究调查了水稻基因型\'9311\'对Cd胁迫的生理和分子响应以及二氧化硅纳米颗粒（SiONPs）的缓解作用。Cd暴露严重阻碍了植物生长，叶绿素含量，光合作用,和Cd积累。然而,SiONPs补充，特别是SiONP100处理，显著减轻Cd诱导的毒性，减轻对植物生长的不利影响，同时保持叶绿素含量和光合属性。SiONP100处理也减少了Cd的积累，表明基因型9311对Si摄取的偏好。Cd之间的复杂相互作用，Si,Mg,Ca,K被发现了，随着MDA和H2O2含量的波动。观察到气孔孔径和叶肉细胞结构的明显形态变化，包括淀粉颗粒的变化，花岗岩类囊体，和嗜卵性球蛋白。此外，补充SiONP100后，基因型9311增加了过氧化物酶，超氧化物歧化酶,过氧化氢酶活性降低了56%,44%,53％的芽和62％的芽，49%,65%的根，分别,表明了对Cd胁迫的强大防御机制。值得注意的是,OsNramp5,OsHMA3,OsSOD-Cu/Zn,OsCATA,OsCATB,和OsAPX1显示在SiONPs处理后显著表达，表明水稻组织内潜在的Cd易位。总的来说,SiONPs的补充有望增强水稻植物的Cd耐受性，同时保持基本的生理功能。
