Abstract：
As a severe public health issue, hearing loss has caused an increasingly disease burden, especially in the elderly population. Hearing loss may inevitably induce asymmetric hearing, which makes it difficult for elderly individuals to locate sound sources, therefore resulting in increased postural instability and falling risk. To emphasize the public health emergence of hearing loss, we investigated the temporal trend of prevalence of hearing loss over the last 30 years and further predicted its changes in the next 20 years, decomposed the trend according to demographic factors and epidemiological changes, and quantified the cross-country healthy inequalities, using the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2019. In 2019, there were more than 140 million cases of hearing loss worldwide, a 93.89% increase from 70 million cases in 1990. The age-standardized rate (ASR) also increased with an estimated annual percentage change of 0.08% per year. Population growth and aging are the major drivers contributing to the changes, accounting for 60.83% and 35.35%. Of note, the contribution of aging varies showing a gradual increasing trend with sociodemographic index (SDI) elevating. Also notable, there were significant health inequalities across 204 countries and territories, with slope index of inequality rising over time. Projection of the global burden of hearing loss from 2020 to 2040 indicated progressive increases in both case number and ASR. These reflect the heavy disease burden of hearing loss that needed more targeted and efficient strategies in its prevention and management.
摘要：
作为一个严重的公共卫生问题，听力损失造成了越来越多的疾病负担，尤其是老年人。听力损失可能不可避免地导致不对称的听力，这使得老年人很难找到声源，因此导致姿势不稳定和跌倒风险增加。为了强调听力损失的公共卫生出现，我们调查了过去30年听力损失患病率的时间趋势，并进一步预测了其在未来20年的变化，根据人口因素和流行病学变化对趋势进行分解，并量化了跨国健康的不平等，利用全球疾病负担，受伤,和风险因素研究（GBD）2019年。2019年，全球听力损失病例超过1.4亿例，比1990年的7000万例增加了93.89%。年龄标准化率（ASR）也以每年0.08％的估计年度变化百分比增加。人口增长和老龄化是促成这些变化的主要驱动因素,占60.83%和35.35%。值得注意的是，随着社会人口统计学指数（SDI）的升高，衰老的贡献呈现逐渐增加的趋势。同样值得注意的是，204个国家和地区存在严重的健康不平等，随着时间的推移，不平等的斜率指数上升。从2020年到2040年的全球听力损失负担预测表明病例数和ASR都在逐步增加。这些反映了听力损失的沉重疾病负担，需要在预防和管理中采取更有针对性和更有效的策略。
