PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
A balanced diet is considered necessary in maternal recovery and neonatal development; however, the dietary quality of lactating mothers in China has not been systematically evaluated in different regions and stages of lactation. In addition, the release of the Chinese Dietary Guidelines in 2022 implies that the dietary index method needs to be adjusted accordingly. In this study, the adjusted Chinese Dietary Balance Index-16 (DBI-16) was used to assess the dietary quality of lactating women, referred to as the Dietary Balance Index for lactating women (DBI-L). This study is part of the MUAI study, in which dietary intake and demographic characteristics of lactating mothers from six cities in China and at different stages of lactation were obtained through a self-administered questionnaire and a food frequency questionnaire; 2532 puerperal women were included. According to the DBI-L, 66.2% of participants had inadequate dietary intake (79.1% vegetables, 79.1% fruits, 86.7% dairy products, 39.7% soybeans, and 69.4% fish products, respectively), 57.8% had excessive intake (76.0% cereals, 64.4% meat, and 29.1% eggs, respectively) and 92.2% had unbalanced dietary consumption. Dietary quality was optimal for mothers in the first month after delivery, and the dietary quality of mothers in economically developed places such as Shanghai and Guangzhou was significantly better than that in less developed places such as Lanzhou and Changchun. The dietary quality of lactating women in China is imbalanced, with excessive and inadequate dietary intake. The country should strengthen nutritional interventions for lactating mothers, especially in economically underdeveloped regions.
摘要：
均衡饮食被认为是产妇康复和新生儿发育的必要条件；然而，我国泌乳母亲的膳食质量尚未在不同地区和不同泌乳阶段得到系统评价。此外,2022年《中国膳食指南》的发布意味着膳食指数法需要相应调整。在这项研究中,调整后的中国饮食平衡指数-16（DBI-16）用于评估哺乳期妇女的饮食质量，称为哺乳期妇女的膳食平衡指数（DBI-L）。这项研究是MUAI研究的一部分，其中通过自填问卷和食物频率问卷获得了来自中国六个城市和不同泌乳阶段的哺乳期母亲的饮食摄入量和人口统计学特征；包括2532名产褥期妇女。根据DBI-L,66.2％的参与者饮食摄入不足（79.1％的蔬菜，79.1%水果,86.7%乳制品，39.7%大豆，和69.4%的鱼产品，分别)，57.8%的人摄入过量(76.0%的谷物，64.4%的肉类，和29.1%的鸡蛋，分别）和92.2%的人饮食消费不平衡。在分娩后的第一个月，母亲的饮食质量是最佳的，上海、广州等经济发达地区母亲的膳食质量明显优于兰州、长春等欠发达地区。我国哺乳期妇女膳食质量不均衡,饮食摄入过多和不足。国家应加强对哺乳期母亲的营养干预,特别是在经济欠发达地区。
