PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Additive manufacturing technologies have developed rapidly in recent decades, pushing the limits of known manufacturing processes. The need to study the properties of the different materials used for these processes comprehensively and in detail has become a primary goal in order to get the best out of the manufacturing itself. The widely used thermoplastic polymer material acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) was selected in the form of both filaments and ABS-like resins to investigate and compare the mechanical properties through a series of different tests. ABS-like resin material is commercially available, but it is not a sufficiently mechanically studied form of the material, which leads to the rather limited literature. Considering that ABS resin is a declared material that behaves like the ABS filament but in a different form, the objective of this study was to compare these two commercially available materials printed with three different 3D printers, namely Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM), Stereolithography (SLA) and Digital Light Processing (DLP). A total of 45 test specimens with geometries and test protocols conforming to the relevant standards were subjected to a series of tensile, three-point bending and compression tests to determine their mechanical properties. Characterization also included evaluation of morphology with 2D and 3D microscopy, dimensional accuracy of 3D scans, and Shore A hardness of each material and 3D printing process. Tensile testing results have shown that FDM toughness is 40% of the value for DLP. FDM elongation at break is 37% of DLP, while ultimate tensile stress for SLA is 27% higher than FDM value. Elastic modulus for FDM and SLA coincide. Flexure testing results indicate that value of DLP flexural modulus is 54% of the FDM value. SLA strain value is 59% of FDM, and DLP ultimate flexure stress is 77% of the value for FDM. Compression test results imply that FDM specimens absorb at least twice as much energy as vat polymerized specimens. Strain at break for SLA is 72% and strain at ultimate stress is 60% of FDM values. FDM yield stress is 32% higher than DLP value. SLA ultimate compressive stress is half of FDM, while value for DLP compressive modulus is 69% of the FDM value. The results obtained are beneficial and give a more comprehensive picture of the behavior of the ABS polymers used in different forms and different AM processes.
摘要：
近几十年来，增材制造技术发展迅速，推动已知制造工艺的限制。需要全面和详细地研究用于这些过程的不同材料的特性已成为主要目标，以便充分利用制造本身。选择广泛使用的热塑性聚合物材料丙烯腈丁二烯苯乙烯（ABS）以长丝和ABS类树脂的形式进行研究，并通过一系列不同的测试比较机械性能。ABS类树脂材料是市售的，但它不是一种充分的机械研究形式的材料，这导致了相当有限的文献。考虑到ABS树脂是一种声明的材料，其行为类似于ABS细丝，但形式不同，这项研究的目的是比较用三种不同的3D打印机打印的这两种市售材料，即熔融沉积模型(FDM)，立体光刻(SLA)和数字光处理(DLP)。对具有符合相关标准的几何形状和测试方案的总共45个试样进行了一系列拉伸，三点弯曲和压缩试验，以确定其力学性能。表征还包括用2D和3D显微镜评估形态学，三维扫描的尺寸精度，以及每种材料的肖氏A硬度和3D打印工艺。拉伸测试结果表明，FDM韧性为DLP值的40％。FDM断裂伸长率为DLP的37%,而SLA的极限拉伸应力比FDM值高27%。FDM和SLA的弹性模量一致。挠曲测试结果表明DLP挠曲模量的值是FDM值的54%。SLA应变值为FDM的59%,DLP极限挠曲应力为FDM值的77%。压缩测试结果表明，FDM样品吸收的能量至少是桶聚合样品的两倍。SLA的断裂应变为72%,极限应力应变为FDM值的60%。FDM屈服应力比DLP值高32%。SLA极限压应力是FDM的一半，而DLP压缩模量的值是FDM值的69%。所获得的结果是有益的,并且给出了以不同形式和不同AM工艺使用的ABS聚合物的行为的更全面的描述。
