Abstract：
The QSEN Institute developed the quality and safety education for nurses (QSEN) competencies for both undergraduate and graduate-prepared nurses to support their development of the knowledge, skills, and attitudes needed to deliver safe, quality care. The purpose of this scoping review was to (1) determine the extent of evidence about the current use of QSEN competencies in graduate nursing curricula and (2) determine the application of the QSEN competencies among graduate-prepared nurses in clinical practice.
Arksey and O\'Malley\'s methodological framework for scoping reviews was used to explore the literature about the use of the QSEN competencies in graduate nursing education and practice available in PubMed, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online, and Web of Science. Quality was assessed using Melnyk, Gallagher-Ford, and Fineout-Overholt\'s critical appraisal tools.
In total, 423 articles were reviewed, 10 of which met inclusion criteria; five described quality improvement projects, two addressed curricular design, and three were program evaluations. Only one article described the use of QSEN competencies in practice. Overall, the amount of literature was scant and of low quality. All the articles described the use of QSEN competencies in graduate education except one, which also described them in practice in a graduate nurse residency program.
Although the QSEN competencies were adopted for use in graduate curricula and practice settings, there is a wide variation in the actual use and application with limited reporting of outcomes. The graduate QSEN competencies can be leveraged to equip nurses with the knowledge, skills, and attitudes to address quality and safety challenges in any nursing environment including the operational environment in deployed and austere settings. This review provides recommendations to address gaps in research, graduate nursing education, and clinical practice.
Arksey and O\'Malley\'s methodological framework for scoping reviews was used to explore the literature about the use of the QSEN competencies in graduate nursing education and practice available in PubMed, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online, and Web of Science. Quality was assessed using Melnyk, Gallagher-Ford, and Fineout-Overholt\'s critical appraisal tools.
In total, 423 articles were reviewed, 10 of which met inclusion criteria; five described quality improvement projects, two addressed curricular design, and three were program evaluations. Only one article described the use of QSEN competencies in practice. Overall, the amount of literature was scant and of low quality. All the articles described the use of QSEN competencies in graduate education except one, which also described them in practice in a graduate nurse residency program.
Although the QSEN competencies were adopted for use in graduate curricula and practice settings, there is a wide variation in the actual use and application with limited reporting of outcomes. The graduate QSEN competencies can be leveraged to equip nurses with the knowledge, skills, and attitudes to address quality and safety challenges in any nursing environment including the operational environment in deployed and austere settings. This review provides recommendations to address gaps in research, graduate nursing education, and clinical practice.
摘要：
背景：QSEN研究所为本科生和研究生准备的护士开发了护士质量和安全教育（QSEN）能力，以支持他们的知识发展，技能,以及提供安全所需的态度，优质护理。本范围审查的目的是（1）确定当前在研究生护理课程中使用QSEN能力的证据程度，以及（2）确定QSEN能力在临床实践中在研究生准备护士中的应用。
方法：Arksey和O'Malley'smethodologyframeworkforscopingreviewwasusedtoexploretheliteratureabouttheuseoftheQSENcompetenciesingraduatenuranceeducationandpracticeavailableinPubMed,护理和相关健康文献的累积指数，医学文献在线分析与检索系统，和WebofScience。使用Melnyk评估质量，加拉格尔-福特,和Fineout-Overholt的关键评估工具。
结果：总计，共审查了423篇文章，其中10项符合纳入标准；5项描述了质量改进项目，两个解决的课程设计，三个是项目评估。只有一篇文章描述了QSEN能力在实践中的使用。总的来说,文献数量少，质量低。除一篇文章外，所有文章都描述了QSEN能力在研究生教育中的使用，这也描述了他们在实践中在研究生护士住院医师计划。
结论：尽管QSEN能力被用于研究生课程和实践设置，在实际使用和应用方面存在很大差异,结果报告有限.可以利用QSEN毕业生的能力来使护士掌握知识，技能,以及在任何护理环境中应对质量和安全挑战的态度，包括部署和严苛环境中的操作环境。这篇综述提供了解决研究差距的建议，研究生护理教育，和临床实践。
方法：Arksey和O'Malley'smethodologyframeworkforscopingreviewwasusedtoexploretheliteratureabouttheuseoftheQSENcompetenciesingraduatenuranceeducationandpracticeavailableinPubMed,护理和相关健康文献的累积指数，医学文献在线分析与检索系统，和WebofScience。使用Melnyk评估质量，加拉格尔-福特,和Fineout-Overholt的关键评估工具。
结果：总计，共审查了423篇文章，其中10项符合纳入标准；5项描述了质量改进项目，两个解决的课程设计，三个是项目评估。只有一篇文章描述了QSEN能力在实践中的使用。总的来说,文献数量少，质量低。除一篇文章外，所有文章都描述了QSEN能力在研究生教育中的使用，这也描述了他们在实践中在研究生护士住院医师计划。
结论：尽管QSEN能力被用于研究生课程和实践设置，在实际使用和应用方面存在很大差异,结果报告有限.可以利用QSEN毕业生的能力来使护士掌握知识，技能,以及在任何护理环境中应对质量和安全挑战的态度，包括部署和严苛环境中的操作环境。这篇综述提供了解决研究差距的建议，研究生护理教育，和临床实践。
