PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Activating transcription factor 2 (ATF2) is a member of the leucine zipper family of DNA binding proteins that are responsible for regulating various genes that play an essential role in major biological and cellular functions. Since ATF2 plays a vital role in cellular proliferation and apoptosis, it is believed that it greatly affects the development of breast cancers. However, its exact role in breast cancer is incompletely understood. It remains a subject of debate, ambiguity, and continuous research. Several studies have suggested the role of ATF2 as an oncogene, promoting cellular proliferation and worsening the outcome of cancers. In contrast, other studies have postulated that ATF2 plays a tumor suppressive role in estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer. The ambiguity surrounding its role in breast cancer is the reason why there is an influx of recent studies and research in this area. In this narrative review, we investigate several studies that have been published about the role of ATF2 in breast cancer. We also explore studies that have examined the association between ATF2 and endocrine therapy resistance. ATF2 has been suggested to modulate estrogen receptor (ER) expression and activity, potentially affecting tamoxifen sensitivity in breast cancer cells. Therefore, the role of ATF2 in DNA repair mechanisms and drug resistance has been deeply explored in this review. Additionally, there are numerous ongoing clinical trials exploring the effect of targeting ATF2 pathways and mechanisms on the outcome of breast cancers, some of which we have discussed. The studies and clinical trials that are being conducted to understand the multifaceted role of ATF2 and its signaling pathways may provide valuable insight for developing efficient targeted therapeutic solutions to enhance the outcomes of breast cancer and overcome endocrine resistance. We suggest further research to elucidate the dual roles of ATF2 in breast cancer and potential therapeutic therapies for its treatment.
摘要：
激活转录因子2（ATF2）是DNA结合蛋白的亮氨酸拉链家族的成员，负责调节在主要生物学和细胞功能中起重要作用的各种基因。由于ATF2在细胞增殖和凋亡中起着至关重要的作用，人们认为它极大地影响了乳腺癌的发展。然而,其在乳腺癌中的确切作用尚不完全清楚。它仍然是一个辩论的主题，模棱两可,和持续的研究。一些研究表明ATF2作为癌基因的作用，促进细胞增殖和恶化癌症的结果。相比之下,其他研究推测ATF2在雌激素受体阳性乳腺癌中起肿瘤抑制作用.围绕其在乳腺癌中的作用的歧义是该领域最近研究和研究大量涌入的原因。在这篇叙述性评论中，我们调查了一些已发表的关于ATF2在乳腺癌中作用的研究.我们还探索了检查ATF2与内分泌治疗抵抗之间关联的研究。ATF2已被建议调节雌激素受体（ER）的表达和活性，可能影响乳腺癌细胞中他莫昔芬的敏感性。因此,本文对ATF2在DNA修复机制和耐药中的作用进行了深入的探讨。此外,有许多正在进行的临床试验探索靶向ATF2途径和机制对乳腺癌的结果的影响，其中一些我们已经讨论过了。为了解ATF2及其信号通路的多方面作用而进行的研究和临床试验可能为开发有效的靶向治疗解决方案提供有价值的见解，以增强乳腺癌的预后并克服内分泌抵抗。我们建议进一步研究以阐明ATF2在乳腺癌中的双重作用及其治疗的潜在治疗方法。
