Abstract：
There\'s a paucity of robust normal fractional limb and organ volume standards from a large and diverse ethnic population. The Fetal 3D Study was designed to develop research and clinical applications for fetal soft tissue and organ volume assessment. The NICHD Fetal Growth Studies (2009-2013) collected 2D and 3D fetal volumes. In the Fetal 3D Study (2015-2019), sonographers performed longitudinal 2D and 3D measurements for specific fetal anatomical structures in research ultrasounds of singletons and dichorionic twins. The primary aim was to establish standards for fetal body composition and organ volumes, overall and by maternal race/ethnicity, and determine whether these standards vary for twins versus singletons. We describe the study design, methods, and details about reviewer training. Basic characteristics of this cohort, with their corresponding distributions of fetal 3D measurements by anatomical structure, are summarized. This investigation is responsive to critical data gaps in understanding serial changes in fetal subcutaneous fat, lean body mass, and organ volume in association with pregnancy complications. In the future, this cohort can answer critical questions regarding the potential influence of maternal characteristics, lifestyle factors, nutrition, and biomarker and chemical data on longitudinal measures of fetal subcutaneous fat, lean body mass, and organ volumes.
摘要：
大量不同种族人群缺乏健壮的正常肢体和器官体积标准。胎儿3D研究旨在开发胎儿软组织和器官体积评估的研究和临床应用。NICHD胎儿生长研究（2009-2013）收集了2D和3D胎儿体积。在胎儿3D研究（2015-2019）中，在研究单胎和双胎双胞胎的超声中，超声医师对特定的胎儿解剖结构进行了纵向2D和3D测量。主要目的是建立胎儿身体成分和器官体积的标准，总体上和按母亲种族/族裔划分，并确定这些标准是否因双胞胎和单胎而异。我们描述了研究设计，方法,以及有关审阅者培训的详细信息。这个群体的基本特征，根据解剖结构对胎儿三维测量值的相应分布，是总结的。这项调查是对理解胎儿皮下脂肪系列变化的关键数据差距的回应，瘦体重,和器官体积与妊娠并发症有关。在未来,该队列可以回答有关母亲特征潜在影响的关键问题，生活方式因素，营养,关于胎儿皮下脂肪纵向测量的生物标志物和化学数据，瘦体重,和器官体积。
