Abstract：
Idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH) is a neurological disorder characterized by the triad of gait disturbance, cognitive impairment, and urinary incontinence. The condition is diagnosed mainly in older adults and is associated with ventricular enlargement without an increase in cerebrospinal fluid pressure. The clinical assessment involves a detailed medical history, physical examination, and cognitive testing. Neuroimaging is an essential part of the diagnostic workup for iNPH. However, to determine the suitability of patients for shunt surgery, a range of invasive preoperative investigations are employed. This narrative review aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of the current literature on invasive preoperative investigations in iNPH, focusing primarily on the lumbar infusion test, cerebrospinal fluid drainage tests, and continuous intracranial pressure monitoring. The strengths and limitations of each method, as well as their potential impact on treatment outcomes, are discussed.
摘要：
特发性正常压力脑积水（iNPH）是一种神经系统疾病，其特征是步态障碍三联征，认知障碍，和尿失禁.该病主要在老年人中诊断，并且与心室扩大有关，而脑脊液（CSF）压力没有增加。临床评估包括详细的病史，体检,和认知测试。神经影像学是iNPH诊断检查的重要组成部分。然而,为了确定患者是否适合进行分流手术，采用了一系列侵入性术前检查。这篇叙述性综述旨在对目前关于iNPH侵入性术前调查的文献进行全面分析。主要集中在腰椎输液测试，脑脊液引流试验,和持续颅内压监测.每种方法的优点和局限性，以及它们对治疗结果的潜在影响，正在讨论。
