PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
BACKGROUND: The general human immune responses similarity against different coronaviruses may reflect some degree of cross-immunity, whereby exposure to one coronavirus may confer partial immunity to another. The aim was to determine whether previous MERS-CoV infection was associated with a lower risk of subsequent COVID-19 disease and its related outcomes.
METHODS: We conducted a retrospective cohort study among all patients screened for MERS-CoV at a tertiary care hospital in Saudi Arabia between 2012 and early 2020. Both MERS-CoV positive and negative patients were followed up from early 2020 to September 2021 for developing COVID-19 infection confirmed by RT-PCR testing.
RESULTS: A total of 397 participants followed for an average 15 months during COVID-19 pandemic (4.9 years from MERS-CoV infection). Of the 397 participants, 93 (23.4%) were positive for MERS-CoV at baseline; 61 (65.6%) of the positive cases were symptomatic. Out of 397, 48 (12.1%) participants developed COVID-19 by the end of the follow-up period. Cox regression analysis adjusted for age, gender, and major comorbidity showed a marginally significant lower risk of COVID-19 disease (hazard ratio = 0.533, p = 0.085) and hospital admission (hazard ratio = 0.411, p = 0.061) in patients with positive MERS-CoV. Additionally, the risk of COVID-19 disease was further reduced and became significant in patients with symptomatic MERS-CoV infection (hazard ratio = 0.324, p = 0.034) and hospital admission (hazard ratio = 0.317, p = 0.042).
CONCLUSIONS: The current findings may indicate a partial cross-immunity, where patients with symptomatic MERS-CoV have a lower risk of future COVID-19 infection and related hospitalization. The present results may need further examination nationally using immunity markers.
METHODS: We conducted a retrospective cohort study among all patients screened for MERS-CoV at a tertiary care hospital in Saudi Arabia between 2012 and early 2020. Both MERS-CoV positive and negative patients were followed up from early 2020 to September 2021 for developing COVID-19 infection confirmed by RT-PCR testing.
RESULTS: A total of 397 participants followed for an average 15 months during COVID-19 pandemic (4.9 years from MERS-CoV infection). Of the 397 participants, 93 (23.4%) were positive for MERS-CoV at baseline; 61 (65.6%) of the positive cases were symptomatic. Out of 397, 48 (12.1%) participants developed COVID-19 by the end of the follow-up period. Cox regression analysis adjusted for age, gender, and major comorbidity showed a marginally significant lower risk of COVID-19 disease (hazard ratio = 0.533, p = 0.085) and hospital admission (hazard ratio = 0.411, p = 0.061) in patients with positive MERS-CoV. Additionally, the risk of COVID-19 disease was further reduced and became significant in patients with symptomatic MERS-CoV infection (hazard ratio = 0.324, p = 0.034) and hospital admission (hazard ratio = 0.317, p = 0.042).
CONCLUSIONS: The current findings may indicate a partial cross-immunity, where patients with symptomatic MERS-CoV have a lower risk of future COVID-19 infection and related hospitalization. The present results may need further examination nationally using immunity markers.
摘要：
背景：人类针对不同冠状病毒的一般免疫反应相似性可能反映了一定程度的交叉免疫，因此，暴露于一种冠状病毒可能会赋予另一种冠状病毒部分免疫力。目的是确定先前的MERS-CoV感染是否与随后的COVID-19疾病及其相关结局的较低风险相关。
方法：我们对2012年至2020年初在沙特阿拉伯一家三级医院筛查MERS-CoV的所有患者进行了回顾性队列研究。从2020年初至2021年9月，MERS-CoV阳性和阴性患者均接受了RT-PCR检测证实的COVID-19感染的随访。
结果：共有397名参与者在COVID-19大流行期间平均随访15个月（距MERS-CoV感染4.9年）。在397名参与者中，基线时，93例（23.4％）的MERS-CoV阳性；61例（65.6％）的阳性病例是有症状的。在397名参与者中，48名（12.1%）参与者在随访期结束时发展为COVID-19。Cox回归分析调整了年龄，性别,和主要合并症显示，在MERS-CoV阳性的患者中，COVID-19疾病(风险比=0.533，p=0.085)和住院(风险比=0.411，p=0.061)的风险略显着降低。此外,在有症状的MERS-CoV感染(风险比=0.324,p=0.034)和住院(风险比=0.317,p=0.042)的患者中,COVID-19疾病的风险进一步降低,并且变得显著.
结论：当前的发现可能表明部分交叉免疫，有症状的MERS-CoV患者未来发生COVID-19感染和相关住院的风险较低。目前的结果可能需要使用免疫标记在全国范围内进行进一步检查。
方法：我们对2012年至2020年初在沙特阿拉伯一家三级医院筛查MERS-CoV的所有患者进行了回顾性队列研究。从2020年初至2021年9月，MERS-CoV阳性和阴性患者均接受了RT-PCR检测证实的COVID-19感染的随访。
结果：共有397名参与者在COVID-19大流行期间平均随访15个月（距MERS-CoV感染4.9年）。在397名参与者中，基线时，93例（23.4％）的MERS-CoV阳性；61例（65.6％）的阳性病例是有症状的。在397名参与者中，48名（12.1%）参与者在随访期结束时发展为COVID-19。Cox回归分析调整了年龄，性别,和主要合并症显示，在MERS-CoV阳性的患者中，COVID-19疾病(风险比=0.533，p=0.085)和住院(风险比=0.411，p=0.061)的风险略显着降低。此外,在有症状的MERS-CoV感染(风险比=0.324,p=0.034)和住院(风险比=0.317,p=0.042)的患者中,COVID-19疾病的风险进一步降低,并且变得显著.
结论：当前的发现可能表明部分交叉免疫，有症状的MERS-CoV患者未来发生COVID-19感染和相关住院的风险较低。目前的结果可能需要使用免疫标记在全国范围内进行进一步检查。
