Abstract：
OBJECTIVE: The increasingly widespread practice of piercings is often accompanied by complications and hazards which are constantly increasing. Therefore, it seems necessary to pay attention to the non-negligible risks that these practices entail and to the possibilities of reducing them. Hence, this study was conducted to help raise awareness of the complications and hazards associated with body piercing as a growing type of body modification practice.
METHODS: Studies were searched in the PubMed database and the Google Scholar engine using the keywords, often in combination, including body piercing, body modification, complications, and infection. The searches were limited to post-2000. Studies without limitations on their types were included in this study.
RESULTS: The most important complications are infection, bleeding, trauma, allergy, and scarring. Infection is the most common complication which occurs in individuals after piercing. A wide spectrum of bacterial and viral infections may occur. Allergic manifestations are not uncommon, with the risk that sensitization thus acquired may have subsequent harmful consequences.
CONCLUSIONS: Educating people and health care professionals by conducting more studies to better understand the complications of body piercing can be a solution to reduce health problems related to body piercing.
METHODS: Studies were searched in the PubMed database and the Google Scholar engine using the keywords, often in combination, including body piercing, body modification, complications, and infection. The searches were limited to post-2000. Studies without limitations on their types were included in this study.
RESULTS: The most important complications are infection, bleeding, trauma, allergy, and scarring. Infection is the most common complication which occurs in individuals after piercing. A wide spectrum of bacterial and viral infections may occur. Allergic manifestations are not uncommon, with the risk that sensitization thus acquired may have subsequent harmful consequences.
CONCLUSIONS: Educating people and health care professionals by conducting more studies to better understand the complications of body piercing can be a solution to reduce health problems related to body piercing.
摘要：
目的：穿孔的日益广泛的实践通常伴随着并发症和危害，这些并发症和危害不断增加。因此,似乎有必要注意这些做法带来的不可忽视的风险，以及减少这些风险的可能性。因此，进行这项研究是为了帮助提高人们对与身体穿刺相关的并发症和危害的认识，这是一种不断发展的身体修饰实践。
方法：在PubMed数据库和GoogleScholar引擎中使用关键字搜索研究，通常是组合的，包括身体穿刺，车身改造，并发症,和感染。搜索仅限于2000年后。本研究包括对其类型没有限制的研究。
结果：最重要的并发症是感染，出血,创伤,过敏,和疤痕。感染是穿刺后最常见的并发症。可能发生广泛的细菌和病毒感染。过敏表现并不少见，具有这样获得的敏化可能会产生随后的有害后果的风险。
结论：通过进行更多研究来教育人们和医疗保健专业人员，以更好地了解身体穿孔的并发症，可以减少与身体穿孔有关的健康问题。
方法：在PubMed数据库和GoogleScholar引擎中使用关键字搜索研究，通常是组合的，包括身体穿刺，车身改造，并发症,和感染。搜索仅限于2000年后。本研究包括对其类型没有限制的研究。
结果：最重要的并发症是感染，出血,创伤,过敏,和疤痕。感染是穿刺后最常见的并发症。可能发生广泛的细菌和病毒感染。过敏表现并不少见，具有这样获得的敏化可能会产生随后的有害后果的风险。
结论：通过进行更多研究来教育人们和医疗保健专业人员，以更好地了解身体穿孔的并发症，可以减少与身体穿孔有关的健康问题。
