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Abstract：
Background Fractures of the skull base occur in 3-30% of head injury presentations to the emergency department. Overall, 9-40% of the cases have temporal bone fractures (TBFs). This fracture may disrupt the intervening structures causing edema, hematoma, bleeding, hearing loss, dizziness, cerebrospinal fluid otorrhea, and facial nerve paralysis. This study aims to evaluate the type of TBF, its correlation with hearing loss, and the outcomes of hearing loss. Methodology A prospective observational study was done among 50 patients who presented to the emergency department following trauma with clinical features and CT of the temporal bone suggestive of TBF. A complete evaluation of the patients was done, and patients were managed as per the departmental protocol. The patients were followed up for six months and monitored for otological symptoms. Periodic assessment of hearing loss by pure tone audiometry (PTA) was performed at the end of one week, one month, and six months. Results The most common type of fracture in our study was longitudinal TBF (72%), followed by transverse TBF (20%) and mixed TBF (8%). According to the newer classification, otic capsule-sparing fracture was more common than otic capsule-violating fracture. Most patients presented with conductive hearing loss (60%) following the TBF. On follow-up, there was a statistically significant improvement in hearing loss at the end of six months. Conclusions Our study found that in most cases hearing loss improved over time. Patients with conductive hearing loss showed maximum improvement in comparison to patients with sensorineural and mixed hearing loss.
摘要：
背景颅底骨折发生在急诊科的头部损伤报告中的3-30％。总的来说,9-40%的病例有颞骨骨折(TBFs)。这种骨折可能会破坏中间结构，导致水肿，血肿,出血,听力损失,头晕,脑脊液耳漏,面神经麻痹.本研究旨在评估TBF的类型，它与听力损失的相关性，和听力损失的结果。方法对50例患者进行了前瞻性观察性研究，这些患者在外伤后出现临床特征和颞骨CT提示TBF。对患者进行了全面评估，患者按照部门方案进行管理。对患者进行6个月的随访，监测耳科症状。在一周结束时通过纯音测听（PTA）对听力损失进行定期评估，一个月,还有六个月.结果我们研究中最常见的骨折类型是纵向TBF（72％），其次是横向TBF（20％）和混合TBF（8％）。根据较新的分类，保留耳囊的骨折比侵犯耳囊的骨折更常见。大多数患者在TBF后表现为传导性听力损失(60%)。关于后续行动，6个月结束时听力损失有统计学意义上的显著改善.结论我们的研究发现，在大多数情况下，听力损失随着时间的推移而改善。与感觉神经性和混合性听力损失的患者相比，传导性听力损失的患者表现出最大的改善。
