PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Congenital torticollis is an abnormal tilt of the neck in a newborn especially on the side of the pathology with the chin pointing toward the contralateral side. The most frequent cause is termed congenital muscular torticollis (CMT) which is a structural abnormality in the muscle of the neck called sternocleidomastoid muscle. There are also other causes of congenital torticollis that may arise such as anomalies of the cervical vertebrae, syndromic causes, and ocular defects. Diagnosing these other causes of congenital torticollis requires careful examination, cervical X-ray, CT scan, and MRI. The objective of this review is to create an awareness of the different types and causes of cervical spinal deformity. It also confirms that it is easy to misdiagnose these rarer causes of congenital torticollis as seen in a clinical vignette of a newborn who was managed for CMT for about one year with physical therapy and later turned out to have an associated hemivertebrae and fusion of the second and third cervical vertebrae. It is rare but it has the burden of huge financial and psychosocial impact.
摘要：
先天性斜颈是新生儿颈部的异常倾斜，尤其是在病理一侧，下巴指向对侧。最常见的原因称为先天性肌性斜颈（CMT），这是颈部肌肉的结构异常，称为胸锁乳突肌。还有其他可能引起先天性斜颈的原因，例如颈椎异常，综合症原因，和眼部缺陷。诊断这些先天性斜颈的其他原因需要仔细检查，宫颈X光片,CT扫描,MRI。这篇综述的目的是建立对颈椎畸形的不同类型和原因的认识。它还证实，很容易误诊这些罕见的先天性斜颈的原因，如新生儿的临床小插图所示，该新生儿接受了CMT治疗约一年的物理治疗，后来被证明具有相关的半椎骨和第二和第三颈椎的融合。这是罕见的，但它具有巨大的财务和社会心理影响的负担。
