Abstract：
Matrix effects can significantly impede the accuracy, sensitivity, and reliability of separation techniques presenting a formidable challenge to the analytical process. It is crucial to address matrix effects to achieve accurate and precise measurements in complex matrices. The multifaceted nature of matrix effects which can be influenced by factors such as target analyte, sample preparation protocol, composition, and choice of instrument necessitates a pragmatic approach when analyzing complex matrices. This review aims to highlight common challenges associated with matrix effects throughout the entire analytical process with emphasis on gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, and sample preparation techniques. These techniques are susceptible to matrix effects that could lead to ion suppression/enhancement or impact the analyte signal at various stages of the analytical workflow. The assessment, quantification, and mitigation of matrix effects are necessary in developing any analytical method. Strategies can be implemented to reduce or eliminate the matrix effect by changing the type of ionization, improving extraction and clean-up methods, optimization of chromatography conditions, and corrective calibration methods. While development of an effective strategy to completely mitigate matrix effects remains elusive, an integrated approach that combines sample preparation, analytical extraction, and effective instrumental analysis remains the most promising avenue for identifying and resolving matrix effects.
摘要：
矩阵效应会显著阻碍准确性，灵敏度,分离技术的可靠性对分析过程提出了巨大的挑战。解决矩阵效应对于在复杂矩阵中实现准确和精确的测量至关重要。基体效应的多面性，可受目标分析物等因素的影响，样品制备方案,composition,在分析复杂矩阵时，工具的选择需要一种务实的方法。这篇综述旨在强调在整个分析过程中与基质效应相关的共同挑战，重点是气相色谱-质谱。液相色谱-质谱,和样品制备技术。这些技术易受基体效应的影响,所述基体效应可导致离子抑制/增强或在分析工作流程的各个阶段影响分析物信号。评估,量化，在开发任何分析方法时，缓解基体效应是必要的。可以通过改变电离类型来实施减少或消除基体效应的策略，改进提取和清理方法，优化色谱条件，和校正校准方法。尽管制定有效的战略以完全减轻基质效应仍然遥不可及，一种结合样品制备的综合方法，分析提取，有效的仪器分析仍然是识别和解决基质效应的最有希望的途径。
