PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Neuroinflammation is a complex biological process that typically originates as a protective response in the brain. This inflammatory process is triggered by the release of pro-inflammatory substances like cytokines, prostaglandins, and reactive oxygen and nitrogen species from stimulated endothelial and glial cells, including those with pro-inflammatory functions, in the outer regions. While neuronal inflammation is common in various central nervous system disorders, the specific inflammatory pathways linked with different immune-mediated cell types and the various factors influencing the blood-brain barrier significantly contribute to disease-specific characteristics. The endocannabinoid system consists of cannabinoid receptors, endogenous cannabinoids, and enzymes responsible for synthesizing and metabolizing endocannabinoids. The primary cannabinoid receptor is CB1, predominantly found in specific brain regions such as the brainstem, cerebellum, hippocampus, and cortex. The presence of CB2 receptors in certain brain components, like cultured cerebellar granular cells, Purkinje fibers, and microglia, as well as in the areas like the cerebral cortex, hippocampus, and cerebellum is also evidenced by immunoblotting assays, radioligand binding, and autoradiography studies. Both CB1 and CB2 cannabinoid receptors exhibit noteworthy physiological responses and possess diverse neuromodulatory capabilities. This review primarily aims to outline the distribution of CB1 and CB2 receptors across different brain regions and explore their potential roles in regulating neuroinflammatory processes.
摘要：
神经炎症是一种复杂的生物学过程，通常起源于大脑中的保护性反应。这种炎症过程是由细胞因子等促炎物质的释放引发的，前列腺素,以及刺激的内皮细胞和神经胶质细胞中的活性氧和氮，包括那些具有促炎功能的人，在外部区域。虽然神经元炎症在各种中枢神经系统疾病中很常见，与不同免疫介导的细胞类型相关的特定炎症途径和影响血脑屏障的各种因素显著有助于疾病特异性特征.内源性大麻素系统由大麻素受体组成，内源性大麻素，和负责合成和代谢内源性大麻素的酶。主要的大麻素受体是CB1，主要存在于特定的大脑区域，如脑干，小脑,海马体,和皮质。某些大脑成分中存在CB2受体，像培养的小脑颗粒细胞，浦肯野纤维，和小胶质细胞，以及大脑皮层等区域，海马体,和小脑也通过免疫印迹试验得到证实，放射性配体结合，和放射自显影研究。CB1和CB2大麻素受体均表现出值得注意的生理反应，并具有多种神经调节能力。这篇综述主要旨在概述CB1和CB2受体在不同脑区的分布，并探讨它们在调节神经炎症过程中的潜在作用。
