Abstract：
Nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) typically cause opportunistic pulmonary infections and reliable laboratory results can assist with diagnosis of disease. Microscopy can detect acid-fast bacilli from specimens though it has poor sensitivity. Solid and liquid culture are used to grow NTM, which are identified by molecular or protein-based assays. Because culture has a long turnaround time, some assays are designed to identify NTM directly from sputum specimens. When indicated, phenotypic susceptibility testing should be performed by broth microdilution as per the guidelines from the Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute. Genotypic susceptibility methods may be used to decrease the turnaround time for some antimicrobials.
摘要：
非结核分枝杆菌（NTM）通常会引起机会性肺部感染，可靠的实验室结果可以帮助诊断疾病。显微镜检查可以检测标本中的抗酸杆菌，但灵敏度较差。固体和液体培养用于生长NTM，通过分子或基于蛋白质的测定来鉴定。因为文化有很长的周转时间，一些检测方法旨在直接从痰标本中鉴定NTM。当指示时，表型药敏试验应根据临床实验室标准研究所的指南通过微量肉汤稀释进行。基因型易感性方法可用于减少某些抗菌药物的周转时间。
