PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Nutrition and health during pre-weaning affect the calves\' future fertility, calving age, production, and carrier length. Calves are highly susceptible to neonatal calf diarrhea (NCD), which can be fatal. NCD is due to hypovolemia and acidosis, which may involve anorexia and ataxia. The One Health principle calls for a drastic reduction in antimicrobial use. One approach is to improve animal health and reduce the use of antibiotics and functional ingredients that have beneficial effects due to bioactive compounds. Several functional ingredients and additives can be considered, and, in particular for this study, Ascophyllum nodosum was considered. The present study aimed to evaluate the role of A. nodosum as a functional ingredient implemented into the milk replacer in neonatal calves. Twelve pre-weaned Holstein Frisian calves, housed in twelve individual pens in the same environmental conditions, were divided into two groups of six animals: a control group (CTRL, n = 6) fed with a milk replacer, and a treatment group receiving milk enriched with 10 g of A. nodosum in their diet (TRT, n = 6) for 42 days. The fecal score was evaluated daily (3-0 scale) to monitor the incidence of diarrhea in the two groups. The body weight was evaluated weekly, and every two weeks feces were collected for microbiological evaluation using a selective medium for plate counting of total, lactic acid, and coliform bacteria. To verify the presence of Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, and Escherichia coli, real-time qPCR was used. At the beginning and at the end of the trial, blood samples were obtained for serum metabolite analysis. The growth performance did not differ in either of the two groups, but significant differences were observed in the incidence of moderate diarrhea (p-value < 0.0113), where the TRT group showed a lower incidence of cases during the 42-day period. Serum analysis highlighted higher contents of albumin, calcium, phosphorus, and total cholesterol in the TRT group compared to CTRL (p-value < 0.05). In conclusion, implementation of A. nodosum in the diet of calves can lead to better animal welfare and may reduce the use of antibiotics.
摘要：
断奶前的营养和健康会影响小牛未来的生育能力，产卵年龄,生产,和载波长度。小牛极易感染新生儿小牛腹泻(NCD),这可能是致命的。NCD是由于低血容量和酸中毒,这可能涉及厌食症和共济失调。“一个健康”原则要求大幅减少抗菌药物的使用。一种方法是改善动物健康并减少由于生物活性化合物而具有有益效果的抗生素和功能性成分的使用。可以考虑几种功能成分和添加剂，and,特别是对于这项研究，考虑了夜蛾。本研究旨在评估结球芽孢杆菌作为一种功能性成分在新生小牛代乳品中的作用。十二只断奶前的荷斯坦弗里斯小牛，在相同的环境条件下安置在十二个单独的围栏中，分为两组，每组六只动物：对照组(CTRL，n=6）用牛奶替代品喂养，和一个治疗组，在他们的饮食中接受富含10克结节状芽孢杆菌的牛奶(TRT，n=6)为42天。每天进行粪便评分（3-0量表），以监测两组腹泻的发生率。每周评估体重，每两周收集一次粪便进行微生物评估，使用选择性培养基进行平板计数，乳酸,和大肠杆菌。为了验证乳酸菌的存在，双歧杆菌,和大肠杆菌，使用实时qPCR。在审判开始和结束时，采集血样进行血清代谢物分析.两组的增长表现均无差异,但观察到中度腹泻的发生率存在显着差异（p值<0.0113），其中TRT组在42天期间的病例发生率较低。血清分析显示白蛋白含量较高，钙，磷，与CTRL相比，TRT组的总胆固醇（p值<0.05）。总之,在小牛的饮食中实施结球芽孢杆菌可以导致更好的动物福利，并可能减少抗生素的使用。
