Abstract：
Sexual health, an integral component of overall well-being, is frequently compromised by common yet underdiagnosed sexual dysfunctions. Traditional interventions encompass pharmaceutical and psychological treatments. Unconventional therapies, like MDMA, offer hope for sexual dysfunction. This review delves into MDMA\'s effects on sexual responsiveness and its potential role in treating sexual dysfunction.
The purpose of this review is to elucidate effects of MDMA on different domains of the female and male sexual response cycles.
We conducted a systematic review on the effects of MDMA on each domain of the female and male sexual response cycles. PubMed, MEDLINE, and EMBASE were queried, and results were screened using PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines. Search terms utilized were \"MDMA\" or \"ecstasy\" in combination with \"desire,\" \"arousal,\" \"lubrication,\" \"orgasm,\" \"pleasure,\" \"libido,\" \"erection,\" and \"ejaculation.\" Inclusion criteria for this review were MDMA use by study subjects and sexual outcomes in at least 1 domain of the female and/or male sexual response cycles were described and measured. Randomized controlled trials, cohort studies (both prospective and retrospective), surveys, and literature reviews published between January 2000 and June 2022 were included. Case reports and studies that did not address conditions of interest were excluded from analysis. Duplicated search results were screened out. The remaining studies were then read in full text to ensure they met inclusion and exclusion criteria for analysis.
We identified 181 studies, of which 6 met criteria for assessment of the female sexual response cycle and 8 met criteria for assessment of the male sexual response cycle. Four of 6 studies reported increased sexual desire with MDMA use among women. Arousal and lubrication were improved with MDMA use in 3 of 4 studies, but they were not affected in 1 randomized control study. In men, 7 studies evaluated the effects of MDMA on desire and/or arousal, 5 studies measured impact on erection, 3 on orgasm, and 2 on ejaculation. Sixty percent of interview-based studies reported increased sexual desire in men, while 40% reported mixed or no effect. Two studies reported impairment of erection, 2 reported mixed effects, and 1 reported fear of erection impairment. In both men and women, all studies evaluating orgasm reported delay in achieving orgasm but increased intensity and pleasure if achieved. Primary outcome measures were variable and largely qualitative.
Our findings suggest that MDMA generally increases sexual desire and intensifies orgasm when achieved. While producing conflicting evidence on sexual arousal in both sexes, MDMA may impair erectile and ejaculatory function in men.
The purpose of this review is to elucidate effects of MDMA on different domains of the female and male sexual response cycles.
We conducted a systematic review on the effects of MDMA on each domain of the female and male sexual response cycles. PubMed, MEDLINE, and EMBASE were queried, and results were screened using PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines. Search terms utilized were \"MDMA\" or \"ecstasy\" in combination with \"desire,\" \"arousal,\" \"lubrication,\" \"orgasm,\" \"pleasure,\" \"libido,\" \"erection,\" and \"ejaculation.\" Inclusion criteria for this review were MDMA use by study subjects and sexual outcomes in at least 1 domain of the female and/or male sexual response cycles were described and measured. Randomized controlled trials, cohort studies (both prospective and retrospective), surveys, and literature reviews published between January 2000 and June 2022 were included. Case reports and studies that did not address conditions of interest were excluded from analysis. Duplicated search results were screened out. The remaining studies were then read in full text to ensure they met inclusion and exclusion criteria for analysis.
We identified 181 studies, of which 6 met criteria for assessment of the female sexual response cycle and 8 met criteria for assessment of the male sexual response cycle. Four of 6 studies reported increased sexual desire with MDMA use among women. Arousal and lubrication were improved with MDMA use in 3 of 4 studies, but they were not affected in 1 randomized control study. In men, 7 studies evaluated the effects of MDMA on desire and/or arousal, 5 studies measured impact on erection, 3 on orgasm, and 2 on ejaculation. Sixty percent of interview-based studies reported increased sexual desire in men, while 40% reported mixed or no effect. Two studies reported impairment of erection, 2 reported mixed effects, and 1 reported fear of erection impairment. In both men and women, all studies evaluating orgasm reported delay in achieving orgasm but increased intensity and pleasure if achieved. Primary outcome measures were variable and largely qualitative.
Our findings suggest that MDMA generally increases sexual desire and intensifies orgasm when achieved. While producing conflicting evidence on sexual arousal in both sexes, MDMA may impair erectile and ejaculatory function in men.
摘要：
背景：性健康，整体福祉的一个组成部分，经常因常见但未被诊断的性功能障碍而受损。传统的干预措施包括药物和心理治疗。非常规疗法,像MDMA,为性功能障碍提供希望。本文综述了MDMA对性反应的影响及其在治疗性功能障碍中的潜在作用。
目的：本综述的目的是阐明MDMA对女性和男性性反应周期不同领域的影响。
方法：我们对MDMA对女性和男性性反应周期的每个领域的影响进行了系统评价。PubMed,MEDLINE,EMBASE被询问，使用PRISMA（系统评价和荟萃分析的首选报告项目）指南筛选结果。使用的搜索词是“MDMA”或“摇头丸”与“欲望”的组合，\"\"唤醒,\"\"润滑,\"\"高潮,\"\"的乐趣，\“\”性欲，\"\"勃起,“和”射精。“本综述的纳入标准是研究对象使用MDMA，并描述和测量了女性和/或男性性反应周期的至少一个领域的性结局。随机对照试验,队列研究（前瞻性和回顾性），调查,并纳入了2000年1月至2022年6月之间发表的文献综述。未解决感兴趣条件的病例报告和研究被排除在分析之外。筛选出重复的搜索结果。然后阅读全文，以确保它们符合分析的纳入和排除标准。
结果：我们确定了181项研究，其中6符合女性性反应周期评估标准,8符合男性性反应周期评估标准.6项研究中有4项报告女性使用MDMA会增加性欲。在4项研究中，有3项使用MDMA改善了唤醒和润滑，但在1项随机对照研究中未受影响。在男人中，7项研究评估了MDMA对欲望和/或唤醒的影响，5项研究测量了对勃起的影响，3关于性高潮，射精2.60％的基于访谈的研究报告说男性的性欲增加，而40%的人报告混合或没有效果。两项研究报告勃起受损，2个报告的混合效应，1人报告害怕勃起障碍。在男人和女人中，所有评估性高潮的研究都报告了性高潮的延迟，但如果达到性高潮，则会增加强度和愉悦。主要结果指标是可变的，并且主要是定性的。
结论：我们的研究结果表明，MDMA通常会增加性欲，并在达到性高潮时增强性高潮。在提供有关两性性唤起的相互矛盾的证据时，MDMA可能损害男性的勃起和射精功能。
目的：本综述的目的是阐明MDMA对女性和男性性反应周期不同领域的影响。
方法：我们对MDMA对女性和男性性反应周期的每个领域的影响进行了系统评价。PubMed,MEDLINE,EMBASE被询问，使用PRISMA（系统评价和荟萃分析的首选报告项目）指南筛选结果。使用的搜索词是“MDMA”或“摇头丸”与“欲望”的组合，\"\"唤醒,\"\"润滑,\"\"高潮,\"\"的乐趣，\“\”性欲，\"\"勃起,“和”射精。“本综述的纳入标准是研究对象使用MDMA，并描述和测量了女性和/或男性性反应周期的至少一个领域的性结局。随机对照试验,队列研究（前瞻性和回顾性），调查,并纳入了2000年1月至2022年6月之间发表的文献综述。未解决感兴趣条件的病例报告和研究被排除在分析之外。筛选出重复的搜索结果。然后阅读全文，以确保它们符合分析的纳入和排除标准。
结果：我们确定了181项研究，其中6符合女性性反应周期评估标准,8符合男性性反应周期评估标准.6项研究中有4项报告女性使用MDMA会增加性欲。在4项研究中，有3项使用MDMA改善了唤醒和润滑，但在1项随机对照研究中未受影响。在男人中，7项研究评估了MDMA对欲望和/或唤醒的影响，5项研究测量了对勃起的影响，3关于性高潮，射精2.60％的基于访谈的研究报告说男性的性欲增加，而40%的人报告混合或没有效果。两项研究报告勃起受损，2个报告的混合效应，1人报告害怕勃起障碍。在男人和女人中，所有评估性高潮的研究都报告了性高潮的延迟，但如果达到性高潮，则会增加强度和愉悦。主要结果指标是可变的，并且主要是定性的。
结论：我们的研究结果表明，MDMA通常会增加性欲，并在达到性高潮时增强性高潮。在提供有关两性性唤起的相互矛盾的证据时，MDMA可能损害男性的勃起和射精功能。
