PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Cyclists are vulnerable road users and often suffer head-neck injuries in car-cyclist accidents. Wearing a helmet is currently the most prevalent protection method against such injuries. Today, there is an ongoing debate about the ability of helmets to protect the cyclists\' head-neck from injury. In the current study, we numerically reconstructed five real-world car-cyclist impact accidents, incorporating previously developed finite element models of four cyclist helmets to evaluate their protective performances. We made comparative head-neck injury predictions for unhelmeted and helmeted cyclists. The results show that helmets could clearly lower the risk of severe (AIS 4+) brain injury and skull fracture, as assessed by the predicted head injury criterion (HIC), while a relatively limited decrease in AIS 4+ brain injury risk can be achieved in terms of the analysis of CSDM0.25. Assessment using the maximum principal strain (MPS0.98) and head impact power (HIP) criteria suggests that helmets could lower the risk of diffuse axonal injury and subdural hematoma of the cyclist. The helmet efficacy in neck protection depends on the impact scenario. Therefore, wearing a helmet does not seem to cause a significant neck injury risk level increase to the cyclist. Our work presents important insights into the helmet\'s efficacy in protecting the head-neck of cyclists and motivates further optimization of protective equipment.
摘要：
骑自行车的人是脆弱的道路使用者，经常在骑自行车的人事故中遭受头颈部伤害。戴头盔是目前针对这种伤害的最普遍的防护方法。今天,关于头盔保护骑自行车者头颈部免受伤害的能力，目前正在进行辩论。在目前的研究中,我们在数字上重建了五起现实世界中的汽车与骑自行车的碰撞事故，结合先前开发的四个自行车头盔的有限元模型，以评估其防护性能。我们对无头盔和戴头盔的自行车手进行了比较性的头颈部损伤预测。结果表明，头盔可以明显降低严重（AIS4+）脑损伤和颅骨骨折的风险，根据预测的头部损伤标准(HIC)评估，虽然在CSDM0.25的分析中，AIS4+脑损伤风险的降低相对有限。使用最大主应变（MPS0.98）和头部冲击力（HIP）标准进行评估表明，头盔可以降低自行车手的弥漫性轴索损伤和硬膜下血肿的风险。头盔在颈部保护中的功效取决于撞击场景。因此,戴头盔似乎不会导致骑自行车者颈部受伤风险水平显著增加。我们的工作为头盔在保护骑自行车者头颈方面的功效提供了重要见解，并推动了防护设备的进一步优化。
