Abstract：
OBJECTIVE: To determine the effects of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) on fetal frontal lobe development.
METHODS: This study was conducted prospectively between May 2023 and August 2023 in Ankara City Hospital perinatology clinic. Maternal age, maternal body mass index (BMI), gestational week (GW), biparietal diameter (BPD), head circumference (HC), abdominal circumference (AC), femur length (FL), estimated fetal weight (EFW), frontal antero-posterior diameter (FAPD), occipito-frontal diameter (OFD), FAPD/OFD ratio, and FAPD/HC ratio, were compared between GDM (n = 40) and low risk controls (n = 56).
RESULTS: The mean maternal age was found higher in the GDM group compared to control group (p = 0.002). Maternal BMI was significantly higher in the GDM group than the control group (p = 0.01). Abdominal circumference (AC) was significantly higher in the GDM group compared to control group (p = 0.04). EFW was significantly higher in the GDM group compared to control group (p = 0.04). FAPD/OFD ratio was found to be higher in the GDM group than in the control group (p = 0.001). Among GDM patients, no statistically significant difference was found in the ultrasound measurements between the groups receiving insulin treatment and those without treatment. According to the correlation analysis results a moderate, positive, and statistically significant correlation was present between FAPD/OFD and GDM. In perinatal outcomes, the rate of neonatal intensive care unit admission was significantly higher in the GDM group.
CONCLUSIONS: Fetal frontal lobe development seems to be affected by GDM.
METHODS: This study was conducted prospectively between May 2023 and August 2023 in Ankara City Hospital perinatology clinic. Maternal age, maternal body mass index (BMI), gestational week (GW), biparietal diameter (BPD), head circumference (HC), abdominal circumference (AC), femur length (FL), estimated fetal weight (EFW), frontal antero-posterior diameter (FAPD), occipito-frontal diameter (OFD), FAPD/OFD ratio, and FAPD/HC ratio, were compared between GDM (n = 40) and low risk controls (n = 56).
RESULTS: The mean maternal age was found higher in the GDM group compared to control group (p = 0.002). Maternal BMI was significantly higher in the GDM group than the control group (p = 0.01). Abdominal circumference (AC) was significantly higher in the GDM group compared to control group (p = 0.04). EFW was significantly higher in the GDM group compared to control group (p = 0.04). FAPD/OFD ratio was found to be higher in the GDM group than in the control group (p = 0.001). Among GDM patients, no statistically significant difference was found in the ultrasound measurements between the groups receiving insulin treatment and those without treatment. According to the correlation analysis results a moderate, positive, and statistically significant correlation was present between FAPD/OFD and GDM. In perinatal outcomes, the rate of neonatal intensive care unit admission was significantly higher in the GDM group.
CONCLUSIONS: Fetal frontal lobe development seems to be affected by GDM.
摘要：
目的：探讨妊娠期糖尿病(GDM)对胎儿额叶发育的影响。
方法：这项研究是在2023年5月至2023年8月之间在安卡拉市医院围生学诊所进行的。产妇年龄,孕妇体重指数（BMI），孕周（GW），双顶直径（BPD），头围(HC),腹围（AC），股骨长度(FL),估计胎儿体重（EFW），额前前后径(FAPD),枕骨前端直径（OFD），FAPD/OFD比，和FAPD/HC比，比较GDM(n=40)和低风险对照(n=56)。
结果：GDM组的平均产妇年龄高于对照组（p=0.002）。GDM组产妇BMI显著高于对照组(p=0.01)。与对照组相比，GDM组的腹围（AC）明显更高（p=0.04）。与对照组相比，GDM组的EFW明显更高（p=0.04）。发现GDM组的FAPD/OFD比率高于对照组(p=0.001)。在GDM患者中，在接受胰岛素治疗的组和未接受胰岛素治疗的组之间,超声测量结果无统计学差异.根据相关性分析结果，积极的,FAPD/OFD与GDM之间存在统计学上显著的相关性。在围产期结局中，GDM组的新生儿重症监护病房入院率明显较高.
结论：胎儿额叶发育似乎受到GDM的影响。
方法：这项研究是在2023年5月至2023年8月之间在安卡拉市医院围生学诊所进行的。产妇年龄,孕妇体重指数（BMI），孕周（GW），双顶直径（BPD），头围(HC),腹围（AC），股骨长度(FL),估计胎儿体重（EFW），额前前后径(FAPD),枕骨前端直径（OFD），FAPD/OFD比，和FAPD/HC比，比较GDM(n=40)和低风险对照(n=56)。
结果：GDM组的平均产妇年龄高于对照组（p=0.002）。GDM组产妇BMI显著高于对照组(p=0.01)。与对照组相比，GDM组的腹围（AC）明显更高（p=0.04）。与对照组相比，GDM组的EFW明显更高（p=0.04）。发现GDM组的FAPD/OFD比率高于对照组(p=0.001)。在GDM患者中，在接受胰岛素治疗的组和未接受胰岛素治疗的组之间,超声测量结果无统计学差异.根据相关性分析结果，积极的,FAPD/OFD与GDM之间存在统计学上显著的相关性。在围产期结局中，GDM组的新生儿重症监护病房入院率明显较高.
结论：胎儿额叶发育似乎受到GDM的影响。
