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Abstract：
BACKGROUND: The localization of lung nodules is challenging during thoracoscopy. In this study, we evaluated the use of three-dimensional (3D) lung reconstruction for use in the operating room to guide the identification of lung nodules during thoracoscopy.
METHODS: This was a single-center retrospective study. All consecutive patients undergoing thoracoscopic resection of lung nodules were included in the study. Patients were retrospectively divided into two groups based upon whether the thoracoscopic resection was performed with the assistance (3D group) or not (standard group) of 3D lung reconstruction. The operative time (minutes) to detect lung nodules was statistically compared between the two study groups in relation to the characteristics of lung nodules as size, localization, and distance from the visceral pleura.
RESULTS: Our study population consisted of 170 patients: 85 in the 3D group and 85 in the standard group. No intergroup difference differences were found regarding the characteristics and histological diagnosis of lesions. The standard group compared to the 3D group was associated with a significantly longer operative time for the detection of lesions <10 mm (13.87 ± 2.59 vs. 5.52 ± 1.01, p < 0.001), lesions between 10 and 20 mm (5.05 ± 0.84 vs. 3.89 ± 0.92; p = 0.03), lesions localized in complex segments (7.49 ± 4.25 vs. 5.11 ± 0.97; p < 0.001), and deep lesions (9.58 ± 4.82 vs. 5.4 ± 1.01, p < 0.001).
CONCLUSIONS: Our 3D lung reconstruction model for use in the operating room may be an additional tool for thoracic surgeons to guide the detection of small and deep nodules during thoracoscopy. It is a noninvasive and cost saving procedure and may be widely used.
METHODS: This was a single-center retrospective study. All consecutive patients undergoing thoracoscopic resection of lung nodules were included in the study. Patients were retrospectively divided into two groups based upon whether the thoracoscopic resection was performed with the assistance (3D group) or not (standard group) of 3D lung reconstruction. The operative time (minutes) to detect lung nodules was statistically compared between the two study groups in relation to the characteristics of lung nodules as size, localization, and distance from the visceral pleura.
RESULTS: Our study population consisted of 170 patients: 85 in the 3D group and 85 in the standard group. No intergroup difference differences were found regarding the characteristics and histological diagnosis of lesions. The standard group compared to the 3D group was associated with a significantly longer operative time for the detection of lesions <10 mm (13.87 ± 2.59 vs. 5.52 ± 1.01, p < 0.001), lesions between 10 and 20 mm (5.05 ± 0.84 vs. 3.89 ± 0.92; p = 0.03), lesions localized in complex segments (7.49 ± 4.25 vs. 5.11 ± 0.97; p < 0.001), and deep lesions (9.58 ± 4.82 vs. 5.4 ± 1.01, p < 0.001).
CONCLUSIONS: Our 3D lung reconstruction model for use in the operating room may be an additional tool for thoracic surgeons to guide the detection of small and deep nodules during thoracoscopy. It is a noninvasive and cost saving procedure and may be widely used.
摘要：
背景：在胸腔镜检查中，肺结节的定位具有挑战性。在这项研究中,我们评估了在手术室中使用三维(3D)肺重建来指导胸腔镜检查期间肺结节的识别.
方法：这是一项单中心回顾性研究。所有连续接受胸腔镜肺结节切除术的患者均纳入研究。根据是否在3D肺重建的辅助下进行胸腔镜切除（3D组）或是否在3D肺重建的辅助下进行（标准组），将患者回顾性分为两组。在统计学上比较两个研究组之间检测到肺结节的手术时间（分钟）与肺结节的大小，本地化,和内脏胸膜的距离。
结果：我们的研究人群包括170名患者：3D组85名，标准组85名。关于病变的特征和组织学诊断，未发现组间差异。标准组与3D组相比，发现<10mm病变的手术时间明显更长（13.87±2.59vs.5.52±1.01，p<0.001)，10至20mm之间的病变（5.05±0.84vs.3.89±0.92；p=0.03)，位于复杂节段的病变(7.49±4.25vs.5.11±0.97；p<0.001)，和深部病变（9.58±4.82vs.5.4±1.01，p<0.001）。
结论：我们在手术室中使用的3D肺重建模型可能是胸外科医师在胸腔镜检查期间指导小结节和深结节检测的额外工具。它是一种非侵入性且节省成本的程序，可以广泛使用。
方法：这是一项单中心回顾性研究。所有连续接受胸腔镜肺结节切除术的患者均纳入研究。根据是否在3D肺重建的辅助下进行胸腔镜切除（3D组）或是否在3D肺重建的辅助下进行（标准组），将患者回顾性分为两组。在统计学上比较两个研究组之间检测到肺结节的手术时间（分钟）与肺结节的大小，本地化,和内脏胸膜的距离。
结果：我们的研究人群包括170名患者：3D组85名，标准组85名。关于病变的特征和组织学诊断，未发现组间差异。标准组与3D组相比，发现<10mm病变的手术时间明显更长（13.87±2.59vs.5.52±1.01，p<0.001)，10至20mm之间的病变（5.05±0.84vs.3.89±0.92；p=0.03)，位于复杂节段的病变(7.49±4.25vs.5.11±0.97；p<0.001)，和深部病变（9.58±4.82vs.5.4±1.01，p<0.001）。
结论：我们在手术室中使用的3D肺重建模型可能是胸外科医师在胸腔镜检查期间指导小结节和深结节检测的额外工具。它是一种非侵入性且节省成本的程序，可以广泛使用。
