Abstract：
The most common origin of a non-uterine pelvic mass is from the ovary. Ultrasound is the initial imaging modality of choice, additional imaging with computed tomography (CT) and/or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is performed in selected cases. Adnexal masses are also encountered as incidental findings during ultrasound, CT or MRI. Many of the adnexal masses that are surgically removed are benign. For optimal outcome and cost effective management, noninvasive risk stratification of such adnexal masses is necessary when discovered incidentally or when identified in a patient with a clinically detected pelvic mass. The American College of Radiology Ovarian-Adnexal Reporting Data System is a pattern-based scoring system for adnexal masses imaged with ultrasound and MRI, which assists clinicians to guide in the appropriate management based on evidence-based risk categories. Non-ovarian and non-uterine pelvic masses include fallopian tube abnormalities, paraovarian cysts, peritoneal inclusion cysts, and rare causes include masses that arise from the gastrointestinal tract or the sacrum. To distinguish non-ovarian masses from an ovarian tumor, a critical step is to identify a normal appearing ovary separate from the pelvic mass. This may be challenging in the post-menopausal woman with an atrophic ovary. MRI is a useful adjunctive modality in such cases. Extraovarian masses typically displace pelvic side wall vasculature medially, compress, encase or medially displace the ureters.
摘要：
非子宫盆腔肿块的最常见来源是卵巢。超声是首选的初始成像模式，在选定的病例中,使用计算机断层扫描(CT)和/或MRI(磁共振成像)进行额外成像.在超声检查期间，附件肿块也会作为偶然发现，CT或MRI成像。许多手术切除的附件肿块是良性的。为了获得最佳结果和具有成本效益的管理，当偶然发现或在临床检测到盆腔肿块的患者中发现此类附件肿块时，有必要对其进行非侵入性危险分层。美国放射学学会卵巢附件报告数据系统是一种基于模式的评分系统，用于超声和MRI成像的附件肿块，这有助于临床医生根据基于证据的风险类别指导适当的管理。非卵巢和非子宫盆腔肿块包括输卵管异常，卵巢囊肿,腹膜包涵囊肿和罕见原因包括胃肠道或骶骨引起的肿块。为了区分非卵巢肿块和卵巢肿瘤，关键步骤是确定与盆腔肿块分开的正常卵巢。这在患有萎缩性卵巢的绝经后妇女中可能是具有挑战性的。在这种情况下，MRI是一种有用的辅助方式。卵巢外肿块通常使骨盆侧壁血管内侧移位，压缩,包住或向内移位输尿管。
