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Abstract：
Nucleotide-binding and oligomerization domain (NOD)-like receptors (NLRs) are intracellular proteins with a central role in innate and adaptive immunity. As a member of pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), NLRs sense specific pathogen-associated molecular patterns, trigger numerous signaling pathways and lead to the secretion of various cytokines. In recent years, cumulative studies have revealed the significant impacts of NLRs in gastrointestinal (GI) inflammatory diseases and cancers. Deciphering the role and molecular mechanism of the NLR signaling pathways may provide new opportunities for the development of therapeutic strategies related to GI inflammatory diseases and GI cancers. This review presents the structures and signaling pathways of NLRs, summarizes the recent advances regarding NLR signaling in GI inflammatory diseases and GI cancers and describes comprehensive therapeutic strategies based on this signaling pathway.
摘要：
核苷酸结合和寡聚化结构域（NOD）样受体（NLR）是细胞内蛋白质，在先天和适应性免疫中具有核心作用。作为模式识别受体（PRR）的成员，NLRs有感特定的病原体相关分子模式，触发多种信号通路并导致各种细胞因子的分泌。近年来,累积研究揭示了NLR在胃肠道(GI)炎性疾病和癌症中的显著影响.破译NLR信号通路的作用和分子机制可能为制定与胃肠道炎性疾病和胃肠道癌症相关的治疗策略提供新的机会。本文综述了NLRs的结构和信号通路。总结了NLR信号在胃肠道炎性疾病和胃肠道肿瘤中的最新进展，并描述了基于该信号通路的综合治疗策略。
