PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Reproductive health in state socialism is usually viewed as an area in which the broader contexts of women\'s lives were disregarded. Focusing on expert efforts to reduce premature births, we show that the social aspects of women\'s lives received the most attention. In contrast to typical descriptions emphasising technological medicalisation and pharmaceuticalisation, we show that expertise in early socialism was concerned with socio-medical causes of prematurity, particularly work and marriage. The interest in physical work in the 1950s evolved towards a focus on psychological factors in the 1960s and on broader socio-economic conditions in the 1970s. Experts highlighted marital happiness as conducive to healthy birth and considered unwed women more prone to prematurity. By the 1980s, social factors had faded from interest in favour of a bio-medicalised view. Our findings are based on a rigorous comparative analysis of medical journals from Hungary, Poland, Czechoslovakia and East Germany.
摘要：
国家社会主义中的生殖健康通常被视为忽视妇女生活的更广泛背景的领域。注重减少早产的专家努力,我们表明，女性生活的社会方面受到了最多的关注。与强调技术医疗化和药学化的典型描述相反，我们表明，早期社会主义的专业知识与早产的社会医学原因有关，尤其是工作和婚姻。1950年代对体力劳动的兴趣逐渐发展到1960年代对心理因素的关注以及1970年代对更广泛的社会经济条件的关注。专家强调婚姻幸福有利于健康分娩，并认为未婚妇女更容易早产。到了1980年代,社会因素已经从兴趣中消失，转而支持生物医学观点。我们的发现是基于对匈牙利医学期刊的严格比较分析，波兰,捷克斯洛伐克和东德。
