Abstract：
Protecting and constructing urban ecological infrastructure (UEI) is an important spatial means of improving the quality of life of urban residents, enhancing the benefits of the urban environment, and improving urban habitats. Landscape connectivity is the basis for UEI to play an ecological role. Spatial equity is an important goal for UEI to enhance urban resident happiness and sense of access and achieve environmental justice. Taking Yantai city as an example, this study analyzed the UEI morphological spatial pattern based on morphological spatial pattern analysis and calculated the spatial accessibility of UEI based on the gravity -based two-step-floating catchment area (G2SFCA) method. In addition, the study proposed the concept of accessible UEI and reflected the spatial differences in the equity of accessible UEI in urban residential areas through equity modeling that was oriented to connectivity enhancement and equity improvement. Moreover, the study integrated the location-allocation model and circuit theory to optimize the spatial layout of the existing UEI and construct an urban ecological corridor that considered landscape connectivity and leisure and recreational convenience. The results of this study showed that the proportion of bridge and island areas with connecting functions in the existing UEI in Yantai was only 10%, and they had not yet formed a complete network structure; hence, connectivity improvements were needed. In addition, the equity of accessible UEI in the residential areas of Yantai was generally good, and more than two-thirds of residents had sufficient access to UEI. However, approximately 32.7% of the residents in the four old city areas lacked a UEI distribution within their effective commuting time. Moreover, UEI layout optimization could improve the equity of accessible UEI in residential areas; however, the method of adding a new UEI was not applicable to areas with high concentrations of urban populations and stable urban spatial layouts. Furthermore, urban ecological corridors could effectively improve the connectivity and equity of UEI; however, 70% relied on existing road systems and needed to enhance their ecological attributes. The UEI equity of residential areas was highly correlated with house prices, indicating an obvious spatial injustice in the UEI layout in Yantai. Planners and governments should promote urban environmental justice through effective conservation and construction measures by incorporating established ecological and artificial infrastructures into UEI planning to achieve equitable access to UEI services for urban residents. This study provides a spatial reference and methodological support to enhance the equity and connectivity of UEI.
摘要：
保护和建设城市生态基础设施是提高城市居民生活质量的重要空间手段,提高城市环境的效益，改善城市栖息地。景观连通性是UEI发挥生态作用的基础。空间公平是UEI提高城市居民幸福感和获得感，实现环境正义的重要目标。以烟台市为例,本研究基于形态空间模式分析了UEI形态空间模式，并基于基于重力的两步浮动集水区（G2SFCA）方法计算了UEI的空间可达性。此外,该研究提出了无障碍UEI的概念，并通过面向连通性增强和公平性改善的公平性建模，反映了城市居住区无障碍UEI公平性的空间差异。此外，该研究整合了位置分配模型和电路理论，以优化现有UEI的空间布局，并构建了考虑景观连通性和休闲娱乐便利的城市生态走廊。研究结果表明,烟台现有UEI中具有连接功能的桥岛区比例仅为10%,他们还没有形成完整的网络结构；因此，需要改进连接。此外,烟台住宅区可接入UEI公平性总体较好，超过三分之二的居民有足够的机会使用UEI。然而,四个老城区约有32.7％的居民在有效通勤时间内缺乏UEI分布。此外，UEI布局优化可以提高住宅区可访问UEI的公平性；然而，添加新UEI的方法不适用于城市人口高度集中且城市空间布局稳定的地区。此外，城市生态走廊可以有效改善UEI的连通性和公平性；然而，70％的人依赖现有的道路系统，需要增强其生态属性。住宅区的UEI权益与房价高度相关，表明烟台UEI布局存在明显的空间不公。规划者和政府应通过有效的保护和建设措施，将已建立的生态和人工基础设施纳入UEI计划，以实现城市居民公平获得UEI服务，从而促进城市环境正义。本研究为增强UEI的公平性和连通性提供了空间参考和方法论支持。
