Abstract：
The energy required for various processes in the water cycle can have significant economic and environmental impacts. Therefore, efficient energy management in urban water supply systems is crucial for a sustainable operation. By installing energy recovery technologies in these facilities, it is possible to reap the benefits of the infrastructure design by saving energy. In this study, a new methodology to assess the energy recovery at the inlets of district metered areas is presented, considering the city of Murcia (Spain) as case study. This methodology is based on creating a detailed model of city water supply system and calibrating such model with an experimental campaign of measurements. Then, the assessment of the hydraulic potential recovery is analysed through two different energy estimators, one considering the minimum available net head and the other assuming a variable net head. Results show that there are several points where turbines could be installed, most of them recovering in between 1000-5000 kWh, which could be used to cover the yearly energy consumption of about 24-120 m2 of a school or 10-50 traffic lights of such area. Moreover, in some points it could be recovered up to 14500 kWh. Even though these values are not high, the energy recovered could be used for self-consumption of nearby electrical loads, at the time that reduces the pressure in the system, thus leading to leak reductions. Moreover, this kind of energy recovery does not reduce the potential of other proposals for upstream energy recovery, such as replacing pressure reduction valves with turbines instead. The scripts developed to apply the proposed methodology are available in EPANET-Octave file exchange for the researcher community.
摘要：
水循环中各种过程所需的能量可能会对经济和环境产生重大影响。因此,有效的能源管理对于城市供水系统的可持续运行至关重要。通过在这些设施中安装能量回收技术，有可能通过节约能源来获得基础设施设计的好处。在这项研究中,提出了一种评估区域计量区入口处能量回收的新方法，以穆尔西亚市(西班牙)为例。该方法基于创建城市供水系统的详细模型并通过实验性测量活动校准该模型。然后，通过两个不同的能量估计器分析水力潜力回收的评估，一个考虑最小可用净水头，另一个假设可变净水头。结果表明，有几个点可以安装涡轮机，它们中的大多数在1000-5000千瓦时之间恢复，这可用于覆盖每年约24-120平方米的学校或10-50个交通信号灯的此类区域的能源消耗。此外，在某些方面，它可以恢复到14500千瓦时。即使这些值并不高，回收的能量可以用于附近的电力负载的自我消耗，在降低系统压力的时候，从而导致泄漏减少。此外，这种能源回收不会降低其他上游能源回收建议的潜力，例如用涡轮代替减压阀。为应用所提出的方法而开发的脚本可在研究人员社区的EPANET-Octave文件交换中获得。
