Abstract：
Access to high-dimensional genomic information in many livestock species is accelerating. This has been greatly aided not only by continual reductions in genotyping costs but also an expansion in the services available that leverage genomic information to create a greater return-on-investment. Genomic information on individual animals has many uses including (1) parentage verification and discovery, (2) traceability, (3) karyotyping, (4) sex determination, (5) reporting and monitoring of mutations conferring major effects or congenital defects, (6) better estimating inbreeding of individuals and coancestry among individuals, (7) mating advice, (8) determining breed composition, (9) enabling precision management, and (10) genomic evaluations; genomic evaluations exploit genome-wide genotype information to improve the accuracy of predicting an animal\'s (and by extension its progeny\'s) genetic merit. Genomic data also provide a huge resource for research, albeit the outcome from this research, if successful, should eventually be realised through one of the ten applications already mentioned. The process for generating a genotype all the way from sample procurement to identifying erroneous genotypes is described, as are the steps that should be considered when developing a bespoke genotyping panel for practical application.
摘要：
许多牲畜物种对高维基因组信息的访问正在加速。这不仅得到了基因分型成本的持续降低，而且还得到了利用基因组信息创造更大投资回报的可用服务的扩展。个体动物的基因组信息有许多用途，包括（1）亲子关系验证和发现，(2)可追溯性，（3）核型分析，（4）性别决定，（5）报告和监测具有重大影响或先天性缺陷的突变，(6)更好地估计个体的近亲繁殖和个体之间的祖先，（7）交配建议，（8）确定品种组成，(9)实现精准管理，和（10）基因组评估；基因组评估利用全基因组基因型信息来提高预测动物（以及其后代）遗传价值的准确性。基因组数据也为研究提供了巨大的资源，尽管这项研究的结果是，如果成功,最终应该通过已经提到的十个应用程序之一来实现。描述了从样本采购到识别错误基因型的所有基因型的生成过程，以及在开发用于实际应用的定制基因分型面板时应考虑的步骤。
