关键词: Npro classical swine fever virus histone deacetylase 1 innate immunity specificity protein 1

Mesh : Animals Classical Swine Fever / immunology metabolism virology Classical Swine Fever Virus / enzymology immunology metabolism pathogenicity Endopeptidases / chemistry metabolism Histone Deacetylase 1 / biosynthesis metabolism Immunity, Innate Interferon Regulatory Factor-3 Nucleocapsid Proteins / metabolism Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex / metabolism Sp1 Transcription Factor / metabolism Swine / virology Viral Core Proteins / metabolism Viral Proteins / chemistry metabolism Ubiquitins / metabolism Cytokines / metabolism Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus / immunology metabolism Protein Domains

来  源:   DOI:10.1128/jvi.01115-23   PDF(Pubmed)

Abstract:
Of the flaviviruses, only CSFV and bovine viral diarrhea virus express Npro as the non-structural protein which is not essential for viral replication but functions to dampen host innate immunity. We have deciphered a novel mechanism with which CSFV uses to evade the host antiviral immunity by the N-terminal domain of its Npro to facilitate proteasomal degradation of Sp1 with subsequent reduction of HDAC1 and ISG15 expression. This is distinct from earlier findings involving Npro-mediated IRF3 degradation via the C-terminal domain. This study provides insights for further studies on how HDAC1 plays its role in antiviral immunity, and if and how other viral proteins, such as the core protein of CSFV, the nucleocapsid protein of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus, or even other coronaviruses, exert antiviral immune responses via the Sp1-HDAC1 axis. Such research may lead to a deeper understanding of viral immune evasion strategies as part of their pathogenetic mechanisms.
摘要:
猪瘟病毒(CSFV)对养猪业构成重大威胁。CSFV用于逃避宿主先天免疫的机制尚未完全了解。组蛋白和非组蛋白蛋白的乙酰化参与调节先天免疫应答。组蛋白脱乙酰酶1(HDAC1)可以通过调节组蛋白的乙酰化状态而成为前病毒或抗病毒,病毒蛋白或非组蛋白宿主蛋白,取决于所涉及的病毒类型。首先,我们发现CSFV在IPEC-J2细胞中的感染导致HDAC1的表达降低。通过化学抑制,基因沉默,和过度表达,我们发现HDAC1可能通过激活poly(I:C)和IFN-λ3诱导的IFN-I/III先天免疫,在IPEC-J2细胞中充当CSFV复制的负调节因子。机械上,CSFVNpro下调HDAC1及其转录调节特异性蛋白1(Sp1)。Npro与Sp1相互作用,通过其N端结构域通过泛素-蛋白酶体途径促进其降解,对IRF3稳定性没有显著影响的区域。因此,很明显,CSFV部署了其Npro的两个域来抵消先天免疫反应,如先前报道的靶向IRF3途径的C末端,和靶向Sp1-HDAC1轴的N端。重要的黄病毒,只有CSFV和牛病毒性腹泻病毒表达Npro作为非结构蛋白,它不是病毒复制所必需的,但具有抑制宿主先天免疫的功能。我们已经破译了一种新的机制,CSFV利用其Npro的N末端结构域逃避宿主的抗病毒免疫,以促进Sp1的蛋白酶体降解,随后减少HDAC1和ISG15的表达。这与涉及Npro介导的IRF3通过C末端结构域降解的早期发现不同。这项研究为进一步研究HDAC1如何在抗病毒免疫中发挥作用提供了见解,以及其他病毒蛋白,例如CSFV的核心蛋白,猪流行性腹泻病毒的核衣壳蛋白,甚至其他冠状病毒,通过Sp1-HDAC1轴发挥抗病毒免疫应答。这样的研究可能会导致对病毒免疫逃避策略作为其致病机制的一部分的更深入的了解。
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