PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Understanding the neurodevelopmental trajectories of infants and children is essential for the early identification of neurodevelopmental disorders, elucidating the neural mechanisms underlying the disorders, and predicting developmental outcomes. Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (fNIRS) is an infant-friendly neuroimaging tool that enables the monitoring of cerebral hemodynamic responses from the neonatal period. Due to its advantages, fNIRS is a promising tool for studying neurodevelopmental trajectories. Although many researchers have used fNIRS to study neural development in infants/children and have reported important findings, there is a lack of synthesized evidence for using fNIRS to track neurodevelopmental trajectories in infants and children. The current systematic review summarized 84 original fNIRS studies and showed a general trend of age-related increase in network integration and segregation, interhemispheric connectivity, leftward asymmetry, and differences in phase oscillation during resting-state. Moreover, typically developing infants and children showed a developmental trend of more localized and differentiated activation when processing visual, auditory, and tactile information, suggesting more mature and specialized sensory networks. Later in life, children switched from recruiting bilateral auditory to a left-lateralized language circuit when processing social auditory and language information and showed increased prefrontal activation during executive functioning tasks. The developmental trajectories are different in children with developmental disorders, with infants at risk for autism spectrum disorder showing initial overconnectivity followed by underconnectivity during resting-state; and children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorders showing lower prefrontal cortex activation during executive functioning tasks compared to their typically developing peers throughout childhood. The current systematic review supports the use of fNIRS in tracking the neurodevelopmental trajectories in children. More longitudinal studies are needed to validate the neurodevelopmental trajectories and explore the use of these neurobiomarkers for the early identification of developmental disorders and in tracking the effects of interventions.
摘要：
了解婴儿和儿童的神经发育轨迹对于早期识别神经发育障碍至关重要，阐明疾病背后的神经机制，并预测发展结果。功能性近红外光谱（fNIRS）是一种婴儿友好的神经成像工具，可以监测新生儿期的脑血流动力学反应。由于其优点,fNIRS是研究神经发育轨迹的有前途的工具。尽管许多研究人员已经使用fNIRS来研究婴儿/儿童的神经发育，并报道了重要的发现，缺乏使用fNIRS追踪婴儿和儿童神经发育轨迹的综合证据.当前的系统综述总结了84项原始fNIRS研究，并显示了与年龄相关的网络整合和隔离增加的总体趋势。半球间的连通性，向左不对称，以及静息状态下相位振荡的差异。此外，通常发育中的婴儿和儿童在处理视觉时表现出更加局部化和分化的激活的发展趋势，听觉,和触觉信息，建议更成熟和专业的感官网络。在以后的生活中，儿童在处理社会听觉和语言信息时，从招募双侧听觉转变为左侧语言回路，并在执行功能任务期间显示出前额叶激活增加。发育障碍儿童的发育轨迹不同，有自闭症谱系障碍风险的婴儿在静息状态下表现出最初的过度连接，然后是连接不足；与整个童年时期通常发展中的同龄人相比，患有注意力缺陷/多动障碍的儿童在执行功能任务期间表现出更低的前额叶皮层激活。当前的系统评价支持使用fNIRS跟踪儿童的神经发育轨迹。需要更多的纵向研究来验证神经发育轨迹，并探索这些神经生物标志物在早期识别发育障碍和追踪干预效果中的应用。
