PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Most individuals infected with or vaccinated against COVID-19 develop antigenic neutralizing immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies against the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein. Although neutralizing antibodies are biomarkers of the adaptive immune response, their mere presence is insufficient to explain the protection afforded against the disease or its pathology. IgG exhibits other secondary effector functions that activate innate immune components, including complement, natural killer cells, and macrophages. The affinity for effector cells depends on the isotypes and glycosylation of IgG antibodies. The anti-spike IgG titer should be sufficient to provide significant Fc-mediated effects in severe COVID-19, mRNA, and protein subunit vaccinations. In combination with aberrant effector cells, pro-inflammatory afucosylated IgG1 and IgG3 may be detrimental in severe COVID-19. The antibody response of mRNA vaccines leads to higher fucosylation and a less inflammatory IgG profile, with a long-term shift to IgG4, which is correlated with protection from disease.
摘要：
大多数感染或接种COVID-19疫苗的个体会产生针对SARS-CoV-2刺突蛋白的抗原性中和免疫球蛋白G（IgG）抗体。虽然中和抗体是适应性免疫反应的生物标志物，它们的存在不足以解释对疾病或其病理的保护。IgG表现出激活先天免疫成分的其他次要效应子功能，包括补语,自然杀伤细胞,和巨噬细胞。对效应细胞的亲和力取决于IgG抗体的同种型和糖基化。抗尖峰IgG滴度应足以在严重的COVID-19mRNA中提供显著的Fc介导作用，和蛋白质亚单位疫苗接种。结合异常效应细胞，促炎无岩藻糖基化IgG1和IgG3在严重的COVID-19中可能是有害的。mRNA疫苗的抗体应答导致更高的岩藻糖基化和更少的炎性IgG谱,长期转向IgG4，这与疾病的保护相关。
