Abstract：
How organs acquire their shapes is a central question in developmental biology. In plants, aerial lateral organs such as leaves initiate at the flanks of the growing meristem as dome-shaped primordia. These simple structures then grow out along multiple polarity axes to achieve a dizzying array of final shapes. Many of the hormone signaling pathways and genetic interactions that influence growth along these axes have been identified in the past few decades. Open questions include how and when initial gene expression patterns are set in organ primordia, and how these patterns are translated into the physical outcomes observed at the cellular and tissue levels. In this review, we highlight recent studies into the auxin signaling and gene expression dynamics that govern adaxial-abaxial patterning, and the contributions of mechanical forces to the development of flattened structures.
摘要：
器官如何获得其形状是发育生物学的核心问题。在植物中,空中的侧向器官，例如叶子，在生长的分生组织的侧面开始呈圆顶状的原基。这些简单的结构然后沿着多个极性轴生长以实现令人眼花缭乱的最终形状阵列。在过去的几十年中，已经确定了许多影响沿这些轴生长的激素信号传导途径和遗传相互作用。悬而未决的问题包括如何以及何时在器官原基中设置初始基因表达模式，以及这些模式如何转化为在细胞和组织水平上观察到的物理结果。在这次审查中,我们重点介绍了最近对生长素信号和基因表达动力学的研究，这些研究控制着近轴-近轴模式，以及机械力对扁平结构发展的贡献。
