PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Reactive balance is postulated to be attentionally demanding, although it has been underexamined in dual-tasking (DT) conditions. Further, DT studies have mainly included only one cognitive task, leaving it unknown how different cognitive domains contribute to reactive balance. This study examined how DT affected reactive responses to large-magnitude perturbations and compared cognitive-motor interference (CMI) between cognitive tasks. A total of 20 young adults aged 18-35 (40% female; 25.6 ± 3.8 y) were exposed to treadmill support surface perturbations alone (single-task (ST)) and while completing four cognitive tasks: Target, Track, Auditory Clock Test (ACT), Letter Number Sequencing (LNS). Three perturbations were delivered over 30 s in each trial. Cognitive tasks were also performed while seated and standing (ST). Compared to ST, post-perturbation MOS was lower when performing Track, and cognitive performance was reduced on the Target task during DT (p < 0.05). There was a larger decline in overall (cognitive + motor) performance from ST for both of the visuomotor tasks compared to the ACT and LNS (p < 0.05). The highest CMI was observed for visuomotor tasks; real-life visuomotor tasks could increase fall risk during daily living, especially for individuals with difficulty attending to more than one task.
摘要：
反应平衡被假定为需要注意，尽管它在双任务（DT）条件下表现不足。Further,DT研究主要只包括一项认知任务，让我们不知道不同的认知领域如何促进反应性平衡。这项研究研究了DT如何影响对大幅度扰动的反应性反应，并比较了认知任务之间的认知运动干扰（CMI）。共有20名18-35岁的年轻人（40％为女性；25.6±3.8岁）仅暴露于跑步机支撑表面扰动（单任务（ST）），同时完成四项认知任务：目标，轨道,听觉时钟测试(ACT),字母数字排序(LNS)。在每个试验中,在30s内传递三个扰动。在坐着和站立（ST）时也执行认知任务。与ST相比，执行Track时，扰动后MOS较低，在DT期间，目标任务的认知表现降低(p<0.05)。与ACT和LNS相比，两种视觉运动任务的ST的总体（认知运动）性能下降幅度更大（p<0.05）。视觉运动任务的CMI最高；现实生活中的视觉运动任务可能会增加日常生活中的跌倒风险，特别是对于那些难以完成多项任务的人。
