PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
A Family and Community Health Nursing (FCHN) model was first conceptualized by the WHO approximately 25 years ago in response to the epidemiological transition leading to major changes in the population health needs. To date, no study has comprehensively explored the adherence of current applications of FCHN to the WHO original framework. We carried out a scoping review on PubMed, Scopus and CINAHL with the aim to compare the main features of FCHN models developed at the international level with the WHO\'s framework. We identified 23 studies: 12 models, six service/program descriptions, four statements and one theoretical model. The FCHN models appear to focus primarily on sick individuals and their family, mainly providing direct care and relying on Interaction, Developmental and Systems Theories. While these features fit the WHO framework, others elements of the original model are poorly represented: the involvement of FCHN in prevention activities is scarce, especially in primary and secondary prevention, and little attention is paid to the health needs of the whole population. In conclusion, current applications of FCHN show a partial adherence to the WHO framework: population approaches should be strengthened in current FCHN models, with a stronger involvement of nurses in primary and secondary prevention.
摘要：
大约25年前，世界卫生组织首次提出了家庭和社区健康护理（FCHN）模型，以应对导致人口健康需求发生重大变化的流行病学转变。迄今为止,没有研究全面探讨FCHN当前应用是否符合WHO原始框架.我们对PubMed进行了范围审查，Scopus和CINAHL的目的是将国际一级开发的FCHN模型的主要特征与WHO的框架进行比较。我们确定了23项研究：12个模型，六个服务/程序描述，四个陈述和一个理论模型。FCHN模型似乎主要关注病人及其家庭，主要提供直接护理和依靠互动，发展与系统理论。虽然这些特征符合世卫组织的框架，原始模型的其他元素代表性不佳：FCHN在预防活动中的参与很少，特别是在一级和二级预防中，很少关注整个人口的健康需求。总之,FCHN的当前应用表明部分遵守WHO框架：在当前的FCHN模型中，应加强人口方法，护士更多地参与一级和二级预防。
