PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Individuals with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) struggle with impaired verbal fluency as an executive function. The left and right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC) and the right inferior frontal gurus (IFG), which show reduced functionality in individuals with ADHD, are involved in verbal fluency. In this study, a total of thirty-seven children with ADHD participated in two separate experiments. Each experiment included three different stimulation conditions: anodal left dlPFC/cathodal right vmPFC stimulation, the reversed montage, and a sham stimulation in Experiment 1, and anodal right dlPFC, anodal right IFG with extracranial return electrode, and a sham stimulation in Experiment 2. During each session, participants performed semantic and phonemic verbal fluency tasks while receiving tDCS. The results revealed a significant main effect of stimulation condition on phonemic verbal fluency during anodal left dlPFC stimulation in Experiment 1, and on semantic verbal fluency during both real stimulation conditions in Experiment 2. In conclusion, this study suggests that anodal left dlPFC stimulation improves phonemic verbal fluency, while anodal right dlPFC and right IFG stimulation enhance semantic verbal fluency. This domain-specific improvement can be attributed to the distinct cognitive demands of phonemic and semantic verbal fluency tasks. Phonemic verbal fluency heavily relies on working memory processes, whereas semantic verbal fluency requires effective inhibitory control and cognitive flexibility.
摘要：
患有注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）的人与言语流畅性受损作为执行功能而斗争。左、右背外侧前额叶皮质(dlPFC)和右下额叶皮质(IFG),这表明多动症患者的功能降低，参与了言语的流畅性。在这项研究中,共有37名患有ADHD的儿童参加了两项独立的实验.每个实验包括三种不同的刺激条件：阳极左dlPFC/阴极右vmPFC刺激，颠倒的蒙太奇，和实验1中的假刺激，以及阳极右dlPFC，带有颅外回流电极的阳极右IFG，和实验2中的假刺激。在每次会议期间,参与者在接受tDCS的同时执行语义和语音口语流利任务。结果表明，在实验1中，刺激条件对左dlPFC刺激期间的音素言语流畅性以及在实验2中两种真实刺激条件下的语义言语流畅性都有显着的主要影响。总之,这项研究表明，左dlPFC刺激可以提高语音语言的流畅性，而阳极右dlPFC和右IFG刺激增强了语义言语的流畅性。这种特定领域的改进可以归因于音素和语义言语流畅任务的独特认知需求。语音语言的流畅性在很大程度上依赖于工作记忆过程，而语义言语流畅需要有效的抑制控制和认知灵活性。
