PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Macroautophagy/autophagy is a highly conserved catabolic process vital for cellular stress responses and maintaining equilibrium within the cell. Malfunctioning autophagy has been implicated in the pathogenesis of various diseases, including certain neurodegenerative disorders, diabetes, metabolic diseases, and cancer. Cells face diverse metabolic challenges, such as limitations in nitrogen, carbon, and minerals such as phosphate and iron, necessitating the integration of complex metabolic information. Cells utilize a signal transduction network of sensors, transducers, and effectors to coordinate the execution of the autophagic response, concomitant with the severity of the nutrient-starvation condition. This review presents the current mechanistic understanding of how cells regulate the initiation of autophagy through various nutrient-dependent signaling pathways. Emphasizing findings from studies in yeast, we explore the emerging principles that underlie the nutrient-dependent regulation of autophagy, significantly shaping stress-induced autophagy responses under various metabolic stress conditions.
摘要：
巨自噬/自噬是一个高度保守的分解代谢过程，对于细胞应激反应和维持细胞内的平衡至关重要。自噬功能异常与多种疾病的发病机制有关。包括某些神经退行性疾病，糖尿病,代谢性疾病，和癌症。细胞面临不同的代谢挑战，例如氮气的限制，碳,以及磷酸盐和铁等矿物质，需要整合复杂的代谢信息。细胞利用传感器的信号转导网络，传感器,以及协调自噬反应执行的效应器，伴随着营养饥饿状况的严重程度。这篇综述介绍了当前对细胞如何通过各种营养依赖性信号通路调节自噬启动的机制理解。强调酵母研究的结果，我们探索了营养依赖性自噬调节的新原理，在各种代谢应激条件下显着塑造应激诱导的自噬反应。
