Abstract：
Proteins play a critical role as key regulators in various biological systems, influencing crucial processes such as gene expression, cell cycle progression, and cellular proliferation. However, the functions of proteins can be further modified through post-translational modifications (PTMs), which expand their roles and contribute to disease progression when dysregulated. In this review, we delve into the methodologies employed for the characterization of PTMs, shedding light on the techniques and tools utilized to help unravel their complexity. Furthermore, we explore the prevalence of crosstalk and competition that occurs between different types of PTMs, specifically focusing on both histone and non-histone proteins. The intricate interplay between different modifications adds an additional layer of regulation to protein function and cellular processes. To gain insights into the competition for lysine residues among various modifications, computational systems such as MethylSight have been developed, allowing for a comprehensive analysis of the modification landscape. Additionally, we provide an overview of the exciting developments in the field of inhibitors or drugs targeting PTMs, highlighting their potential in combatting prevalent diseases. The discovery and development of drugs that modulate PTMs present promising avenues for therapeutic interventions, offering new strategies to address complex diseases. As research progresses in this rapidly evolving field, we anticipate remarkable advancements in our understanding of PTMs and their roles in health and disease, ultimately paving the way for innovative treatment approaches.
摘要：
蛋白质在各种生物系统中作为关键调节因子发挥着关键作用。影响基因表达等关键过程，细胞周期进程，和细胞增殖。然而,蛋白质的功能可以通过翻译后修饰（PTM）进一步修饰，它们扩大了它们的作用，并在失调时导致疾病进展。在这次审查中,我们深入研究了用于表征PTM的方法，揭示用于帮助解开其复杂性的技术和工具。此外，我们探讨了不同类型PTM之间发生的串扰和竞争的普遍性，特别关注组蛋白和非组蛋白。不同修饰之间的复杂相互作用为蛋白质功能和细胞过程增加了额外的调节层。为了深入了解各种修饰之间赖氨酸残基的竞争，已经开发了诸如MethylSight之类的计算系统，允许对修改景观进行全面分析。此外,我们概述了针对PTM的抑制剂或药物领域令人兴奋的发展，强调他们在抗击流行疾病方面的潜力。调节PTM的药物的发现和开发为治疗干预提供了有希望的途径。提供解决复杂疾病的新策略。随着这个快速发展的领域的研究进展，我们预计我们对PTM及其在健康和疾病中的作用的理解会取得显著进展，最终为创新的治疗方法铺平道路。
