Abstract：
OBJECTIVE: Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a psychiatric disorder characterized by symptoms of inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. Stimulant medication is the main pharmacological treatment for ADHD. However, the traditional pharmacological treatments may have significant side effects; therefore, non-pharmacological approaches are needed. Thus, there has been growing interest in alternative herbal treatments. The aim of this review was to comprehensively assess the current evidence for plant-based treatment of ADHD in human and animal models, as well as their ability to modulate the inflammatory process.
METHODS: This study was an integrative review of the current evidence for the plant-based treatment of ADHD. The research involved using literature available on PubMed and Scopus databases.
RESULTS: Spontaneously hypersensitive rats treated with baicalin exhibited significant reductions in locomotion, increased spatial learning skills, and increased levels of dopamine in the striatum. Supplementation with Sansonite improved memory and attention capacity. In human studies, Ginkgo biloba significantly improved the symptoms of inattention and reduced memory impairment. In studies conducted using Korean Red ginseng, Klamath, and Crocus sativus L., the patients showed significant improvements in symptoms of inattention and hyperactivity/impulsivity. Furthermore, we demonstrated that the identified plants modulate the inflammatory process through pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines, nitric oxide, Th cells, Toll-like receptor 4, and mitogen-activated protein kinases.
CONCLUSIONS: All the studies included in this review focused on plants with demonstrated potential against inflammatory processes, positioning them as promising candidates for ADHD treatment, due to their potential to attenuate or even prevent neuroinflammatory mechanisms.
METHODS: This study was an integrative review of the current evidence for the plant-based treatment of ADHD. The research involved using literature available on PubMed and Scopus databases.
RESULTS: Spontaneously hypersensitive rats treated with baicalin exhibited significant reductions in locomotion, increased spatial learning skills, and increased levels of dopamine in the striatum. Supplementation with Sansonite improved memory and attention capacity. In human studies, Ginkgo biloba significantly improved the symptoms of inattention and reduced memory impairment. In studies conducted using Korean Red ginseng, Klamath, and Crocus sativus L., the patients showed significant improvements in symptoms of inattention and hyperactivity/impulsivity. Furthermore, we demonstrated that the identified plants modulate the inflammatory process through pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines, nitric oxide, Th cells, Toll-like receptor 4, and mitogen-activated protein kinases.
CONCLUSIONS: All the studies included in this review focused on plants with demonstrated potential against inflammatory processes, positioning them as promising candidates for ADHD treatment, due to their potential to attenuate or even prevent neuroinflammatory mechanisms.
摘要：
目的：注意缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）是一种以注意力不集中症状为特征的精神疾病，多动症,和冲动。兴奋剂药物治疗是ADHD的主要药物治疗。然而,传统的药物治疗可能有明显的副作用；因此，需要非药理学方法。因此，人们对替代草药治疗越来越感兴趣。这篇综述的目的是全面评估目前在人类和动物模型中以植物为基础治疗多动症的证据，以及它们调节炎症过程的能力。
方法：本研究是对目前以植物为基础治疗ADHD的证据的综合综述。该研究涉及使用PubMed和Scopus数据库上提供的文献。
结果：用黄芩苷治疗的自发性过敏大鼠表现出明显的运动减少，增加空间学习技能，纹状体的多巴胺水平升高.补充香砂可改善记忆力和注意力。在人类研究中,银杏叶可显著改善注意力不集中的症状，减少记忆障碍。在使用韩国红参进行的研究中，克拉马斯,和番红花L.，患者表现出注意力不集中和多动/冲动症状的显着改善。此外，我们证明，鉴定的植物通过促炎和抗炎细胞因子调节炎症过程，一氧化氮,Th细胞，Toll样受体4和丝裂原活化蛋白激酶。
结论：这篇综述中包含的所有研究都集中在具有抗炎症过程潜力的植物上，将他们定位为有希望的多动症治疗候选人，由于它们可能减弱甚至预防神经炎症机制。
方法：本研究是对目前以植物为基础治疗ADHD的证据的综合综述。该研究涉及使用PubMed和Scopus数据库上提供的文献。
结果：用黄芩苷治疗的自发性过敏大鼠表现出明显的运动减少，增加空间学习技能，纹状体的多巴胺水平升高.补充香砂可改善记忆力和注意力。在人类研究中,银杏叶可显著改善注意力不集中的症状，减少记忆障碍。在使用韩国红参进行的研究中，克拉马斯,和番红花L.，患者表现出注意力不集中和多动/冲动症状的显着改善。此外，我们证明，鉴定的植物通过促炎和抗炎细胞因子调节炎症过程，一氧化氮,Th细胞，Toll样受体4和丝裂原活化蛋白激酶。
结论：这篇综述中包含的所有研究都集中在具有抗炎症过程潜力的植物上，将他们定位为有希望的多动症治疗候选人，由于它们可能减弱甚至预防神经炎症机制。
