PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
The cattle industry contributes to Uganda\'s agricultural output. It faces challenges that include theft and parentage ascertainment. These challenges can benefit from recent molecular genomics and bioinformatics technologies.
We employed genomic analyses to establish potential ownership of a group of nine cattle that were being claimed by two farmers in Uganda. We investigated the genetic relationship of Ugandan cattle with regional indigenous breeds as well as exotic breeds that are currently present in Uganda. In addition, we investigated regions that are likely to be under selection in the Ugandan cattle.
Hair samples were collected from seven and two animals from farmers A and B, respectively. They were genotyped for 53,218 Single Nucleotide Polymorphism markers. To establish genetic relationships between the sampled animals, we performed genomic analyses including, principal component analysis (PCA), hierarchical clustering analysis and identity by state/descent. We also performed admixture and runs of homozygosity analyses to assess the ancestry composition and identify regions potentially under selection in Ugandan cattle, respectively.
The seven animals from Farmer A were genetically close to each other but showed minimal relationship with the disputed animals. The two animals from Farmer B were genetically distant from each other but showed greater similarity to four of the disputed animals. Four of the disputed animals showed great dissimilarity from the animals of both farmers. Comparison of these with the reference breeds revealed minimal European exotic genetic introgression into these animals, but rather high similarity to the Sheko. Results also revealed high homozygosity in the major histocompatibility complex regions.
Our results demonstrate the use of currently available genomic tools to empirically establish the ownership of cattle; these could be scaled up as a resourceful and viable tool that could be employed to support conflict resolution where reliable livestock identification is unavailable.
We employed genomic analyses to establish potential ownership of a group of nine cattle that were being claimed by two farmers in Uganda. We investigated the genetic relationship of Ugandan cattle with regional indigenous breeds as well as exotic breeds that are currently present in Uganda. In addition, we investigated regions that are likely to be under selection in the Ugandan cattle.
Hair samples were collected from seven and two animals from farmers A and B, respectively. They were genotyped for 53,218 Single Nucleotide Polymorphism markers. To establish genetic relationships between the sampled animals, we performed genomic analyses including, principal component analysis (PCA), hierarchical clustering analysis and identity by state/descent. We also performed admixture and runs of homozygosity analyses to assess the ancestry composition and identify regions potentially under selection in Ugandan cattle, respectively.
The seven animals from Farmer A were genetically close to each other but showed minimal relationship with the disputed animals. The two animals from Farmer B were genetically distant from each other but showed greater similarity to four of the disputed animals. Four of the disputed animals showed great dissimilarity from the animals of both farmers. Comparison of these with the reference breeds revealed minimal European exotic genetic introgression into these animals, but rather high similarity to the Sheko. Results also revealed high homozygosity in the major histocompatibility complex regions.
Our results demonstrate the use of currently available genomic tools to empirically establish the ownership of cattle; these could be scaled up as a resourceful and viable tool that could be employed to support conflict resolution where reliable livestock identification is unavailable.
摘要：
背景：养牛业有助于乌干达的农业产出。它面临着包括盗窃和父母身份确定在内的挑战。这些挑战可以受益于最近的分子基因组学和生物信息学技术。
目的：我们利用基因组分析来确定乌干达两名农民声称拥有的9头牛的潜在所有权。我们调查了乌干达牛与区域土著品种以及乌干达目前存在的外来品种的遗传关系。此外,我们调查了乌干达牛可能正在选择的地区。
方法：从农民A和B的7只和2只动物身上采集毛发样本，分别。对它们进行了53,218个单核苷酸多态性标记的基因分型。为了建立采样动物之间的遗传关系，我们进行了基因组分析，包括，主成分分析(PCA)，层次聚类分析和按状态/下降的同一性。我们还进行了纯合性分析的混合和运行，以评估祖先组成并确定乌干达牛可能选择的区域，分别。
结果：来自农夫A的七只动物在基因上彼此接近，但与有争议的动物关系最小。来自FarmerB的两只动物在遗传上彼此相距遥远，但与四只有争议的动物表现出更大的相似性。有争议的四只动物与两个农民的动物表现出极大的不同。将它们与参考品种进行比较，发现欧洲外来基因渗入这些动物的可能性很小，但与舍科的相似性相当高。结果还揭示了主要组织相容性复合物区域的高纯合性。
结论：我们的结果表明，使用当前可用的基因组工具来凭经验建立牛的所有权；这些工具可以作为一种足智多谋和可行的工具进行放大，可以用来支持在无法可靠的牲畜鉴定的情况下解决冲突。
目的：我们利用基因组分析来确定乌干达两名农民声称拥有的9头牛的潜在所有权。我们调查了乌干达牛与区域土著品种以及乌干达目前存在的外来品种的遗传关系。此外,我们调查了乌干达牛可能正在选择的地区。
方法：从农民A和B的7只和2只动物身上采集毛发样本，分别。对它们进行了53,218个单核苷酸多态性标记的基因分型。为了建立采样动物之间的遗传关系，我们进行了基因组分析，包括，主成分分析(PCA)，层次聚类分析和按状态/下降的同一性。我们还进行了纯合性分析的混合和运行，以评估祖先组成并确定乌干达牛可能选择的区域，分别。
结果：来自农夫A的七只动物在基因上彼此接近，但与有争议的动物关系最小。来自FarmerB的两只动物在遗传上彼此相距遥远，但与四只有争议的动物表现出更大的相似性。有争议的四只动物与两个农民的动物表现出极大的不同。将它们与参考品种进行比较，发现欧洲外来基因渗入这些动物的可能性很小，但与舍科的相似性相当高。结果还揭示了主要组织相容性复合物区域的高纯合性。
结论：我们的结果表明，使用当前可用的基因组工具来凭经验建立牛的所有权；这些工具可以作为一种足智多谋和可行的工具进行放大，可以用来支持在无法可靠的牲畜鉴定的情况下解决冲突。
