Abstract：
Asthma is a disorder of the airways characterized by chronic airway inflammation, hyperresponsiveness, and variable recurring airway obstruction. Treatment options for asthma include pharmacological strategies, whereas nonpharmacological strategies are limited. Established pharmacological approaches to treating asthma may cause unwanted side effects and do not always afford adequate protection against asthma, possibly because of an individual\'s variable response to medications. A potential nonpharmacological intervention that is most available and cost effective is inspiratory muscle training (IMT), which is a technique targeted at increasing the strength and endurance of the diaphragm and accessory muscles of inspiration. Studies examining the impact of IMT on asthma have reported increases in inspiratory muscle strength and a reduction in the perception of dyspnea and medication use. However, because of the limited number of studies and discordant methods between studies more evidence is required to elucidate in individuals with asthma the efficacy of IMT on inspiratory muscle endurance, exercise capacity, asthma control, symptoms, and quality of life as well as in adolescents with differing severities of asthma. Large randomized controlled trials would be a significant step forward in clarifying the effectiveness of IMT in individuals with asthma. Although IMT may have favorable effects on inspiratory muscle strength, dyspnea, and medication use, the current evidence that IMT is an effective treatment for asthma is inconclusive.
摘要：
哮喘是一种以慢性气道炎症为特征的气道疾病，高反应性，和可变的复发性气道阻塞。哮喘的治疗选择包括药理学策略，而非药物策略是有限的。已建立的治疗哮喘的药理学方法可能会引起不必要的副作用，并且并不总是提供足够的哮喘保护。可能是由于个人对药物的可变反应。一种潜在的非药物干预措施是最有效和最具成本效益的吸气肌训练（IMT）。这是一种旨在增加隔膜和辅助肌肉的力量和耐力的技术。检查IMT对哮喘影响的研究报告了吸气肌肉力量的增加，以及减少对呼吸困难和药物使用的感知。然而,由于研究之间的数量有限和方法不一致，需要更多的证据来阐明哮喘患者IMT对吸气肌耐力的疗效，锻炼能力,哮喘控制,症状,生活质量,以及哮喘严重程度不同的青少年。大型随机对照试验将是阐明IMT在哮喘患者中的有效性的重要一步。虽然IMT可能对吸气肌肉力量有有利影响，呼吸困难和药物使用，目前IMT是哮喘有效治疗的证据尚无定论.
