PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
HCV, hepatitis C virus, is a virus that causes damage to the liver. Both chronic infection or lack of treatment increase morbidity except if it is an acute infection, as the body clears the virus without any intervention. Also, the virus has many genotypes, and until now, there has yet to be a single treatment capable of affecting and treating all these genotypes at once. This review will discuss the main and most used old treatments, IFN-a, PEG IFN-a, Ribavirin, Celgosvir, and sofosbuvir alone and with the combination of other drugs and their drawbacks. They should be given in combination to improve the effect on the virus compared with being administrated independently, as in the case of sofosbuvir. For these reasons, the need for new treatments and diagnostic tools arises, and the rule of nanotechnology comes here. The role of carbon nanotubes, dendrimers, and fullerenes will be discussed. CNTs, carbon nanotubes, are one-dimensional structures composed of a cylindrical sheet of graphite and are mainly used for diagnostic purposes against HCV. Dendrimers, three-dimensional highly branched structures, are macromolecules that provide better drug delivery and treatment options due to their unique structure that can be modified, producing versatile types; each has unique properties. Fullerenes which are cage like structures derived and closely related to CNTs, and composed of carbon atoms that can be substituted by other atoms which in return open unlimited usage for these carbon based materials. Fullerenes rule is unique since it has two mechanisms that prevent the virus from binding and acting on the virus-replicating enzyme. However, their charge needs to be determined; otherwise, it will lead to cytotoxicity. Lastly, no review has been done on the role of nanotechnology against HCV yet.
摘要：
HCV,丙型肝炎病毒，是一种对肝脏造成损害的病毒.慢性感染或缺乏治疗都会增加发病率，除非是急性感染，因为身体在没有任何干预的情况下清除病毒。此外，这种病毒有许多基因型，直到现在,目前还没有一种单一的治疗方法能够同时影响和治疗所有这些基因型。这篇综述将讨论主要和最常用的旧治疗方法，IFN-a,PEGIFN-a，利巴韦林,Celgosvir,和索非布韦单独和与其他药物的组合及其缺点。与独立给药相比，应联合给药，以提高对病毒的作用，就像sofosbuvir一样。由于这些原因,需要新的治疗方法和诊断工具，纳米技术的规则来到这里。碳纳米管的作用，树枝状聚合物,和富勒烯将被讨论。CNT,碳纳米管,是由圆柱形石墨片组成的一维结构，主要用于HCV的诊断目的。树枝状聚合物,三维高度分支结构，是大分子，提供更好的药物输送和治疗选择，由于其独特的结构，可以修改，生产多功能类型；每个都有独特的属性。富勒烯是笼状结构，与碳纳米管密切相关，并且由可以被其他原子取代的碳原子组成，这些原子反过来为这些碳基材料提供了无限的用途。富勒烯规则是独特的,因为它具有防止病毒结合和作用于病毒复制酶的两种机制。然而,他们的费用需要确定；否则，它会导致细胞毒性。最后,尚未对纳米技术对HCV的作用进行综述.
