Abstract：
Dispersed karst water is an important water supply source, or even the only water supply source, for some districts and counties in Chongqing City. It is particularly necessary to understand the distribution characteristics of metal elements in karst water and the health risks exposed. In this study, the scattered karst water in the southeastern part of Chongqing was taken as the main research object, and the concentrations of Al, Cu, Pb, Zn, Cr, Cd, Ni, Mn, As, and Hg in 42 groups of karst spring water samples were determined. The spatial distribution of metal elements with a high detection rate was revealed using the ordinary kriging interpolation method, and the spatial distribution characteristics, sources, and health risks of metal elements were analyzed using multivariate statistical methods and health risk models. The results showed that the quality of dispersed karst water in southeastern Chongqing was generally good, and the spatial scale variability in the occurrence of metal elements in karst water was strong, especially for Ni and As. The sources of Cu, Pb, As, Zn, and Cr were mainly affected by the regional geological background; Al and Mn were mainly affected by human industrial, agricultural, and mining activities; and Ni was affected by both the natural background and human activities. The total health risk of exposure through the drinking route was higher than that of the skin infiltration route, which was the main exposure route of the human body. The total health risk of children exposed through the drinking route was higher than that of adults, and the total health risk of adults exposed through the skin infiltration route was higher than that of children. It is worth noting that Cr was the determinant of total health risk. From the perspective of drinking water safety, local residents need to pay certain attention to water quality when drinking distributed karst groundwater, in order to reduce the health risk of the population.
摘要：
分散岩溶水是重要的供水水源,甚至是唯一的水源，重庆市部分区县。了解岩溶水体中金属元素的分布特征和暴露的健康风险尤为必要。在这项研究中,以重庆东南部分散的岩溶水为主要研究对象,和铝的浓度，Cu,Pb,Zn,Cr,Cd,Ni,Mn,As,测定了42组岩溶泉水样品中的汞和汞。利用普通克里格插值法揭示了具有较高检出率的金属元素的空间分布,和空间分布特征，来源,利用多元统计方法和健康风险模型对金属元素的健康风险进行分析。结果表明,渝东南分散岩溶水水质总体较好,岩溶水中金属元素赋存的空间尺度变异性较强,尤其是Ni和As。铜的来源，Pb,As,Zn,Cr和Cr主要受区域地质背景的影响；Al和Mn主要受人类工业的影响，农业,和采矿活动；Ni受到自然背景和人类活动的影响。通过饮酒途径暴露的总健康风险高于皮肤渗透途径，这是人体的主要暴露途径。通过饮酒途径暴露的儿童的总健康风险高于成人，通过皮肤渗透途径暴露的成年人的总健康风险高于儿童。值得注意的是，Cr是总健康风险的决定因素。从饮水安全的角度来看,当地居民在饮用分布式岩溶地下水时需要注意水质，以降低人群的健康风险。
